{"doi":"10.1101/2021.09.02.21263043","title":"A randomized controlled trial of antibody response to 2019-20 cell-based inactivated and egg-based live attenuated influenza vaccines in children and young adults","abstract":"Abstract Background Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers to the live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) are typically lower than its counterpart egg-based inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV). Similar comparisons have not been made between LAIV4 and the 4-strain, cell-culture inactivated influenza vaccine (ccIIV4). We compared healthy children and young adult HAI titers against the 2019-2020 LAIV4 and ccIIV4. Methods Participants aged 4-21 years were randomized 1:1 to receive ccIIV4 (n =100) or LAIV4 (n=98). Blood was drawn prevaccination and on day 28 (21-35) post vaccination. HAI assays against egg-grown A/H1N1, A/H3N2, both vaccine B strains and cell-grown A/H3N2 antigens were conducted. Outcomes were geometric mean titers (GMT) and geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) in titers. Results GMTs to A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B/Victoria increased following both ccIIV and LAIV and to B/Yamagata following ccIIV (p<0.05). The GMFR range was 2.4-3.0 times higher for ccIIV4 than for LAIV4 (p<0.001). Within vaccine types, egg-grown A/H3N2 GMTs were higher (p<0.05) than cell-grown GMTs [ccIIV4 day 28: egg=205 (95% CI: 178-237); cell=136 (95% CI:113-165); LAIV4 day 28: egg=96 (95% CI: 83-112); cell=63 (95% CI: 58-74)]. The GMFR to A/H3N2 cell-grown and egg-grown antigens were similar. Pre-vaccination titers inversely predicted GMFR. Conclusion The HAI response to ccIIV4 was greater than LAIV4 in this study of mostly older children, and day 0 HAI titers inversely predicted GMFR for both vaccines. For both vaccines, the A/H3N2 cell-grown antigen levels were lower than egg-grown, but the GMFR for cell-grown and egg-grown did not differ significantly within vaccine type. Clinical Trials No NCT03982069","journal":"medRxiv","year":2021,"id":221547,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9597,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":733793,"name":"Bo Zhai","orcid":"0000-0003-3536-0105","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":295193,"name":"John F. Alcorn","orcid":"0000-0001-5997-7711","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264490,"name":"Mary Patricia Nowalk","orcid":"0000-0002-1702-2690","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":7177,"name":"Min Z. Levine","orcid":"0000-0002-3197-1649","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105979,"name":"Sara Kim","orcid":"0000-0002-1056-9896","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242317,"name":"Brendan Flannery","orcid":"0000-0001-5041-308X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":400368,"name":"Krissy Moehling Geffel","orcid":"0000-0002-2103-4096","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":822087,"name":"Amanda Jaber Merranko","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":822088,"name":"Jennifer P. Nagg","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":822089,"name":"Mark Collins","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":401233,"name":"Michael Susick","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":478066,"name":"Karen Clarke","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264489,"name":"Richard K. Zimmerman","orcid":"0000-0001-5941-6092","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":400370,"name":"Judith M. Martin","orcid":"0000-0001-9456-1770","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":821655,"name":"Katherine V. Williams","orcid":"0000-0002-1633-2283","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":17,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:53:55.215284Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}