{"doi":"10.1101/2021.06.17.448857","title":"The membrane associated accessory protein is an adeno-associated viral egress factor","abstract":"Abstract Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) rely on helper viruses to transition from latency to lytic infection. Some recombinant AAV serotypes are secreted in a pre-lytic manner as extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated particles, although mechanisms underlying such are unknown. Here, we discover that the membrane-associated accessory protein (MAAP), expressed from a (+1) frameshifted open reading frame (ORF) in the AAV capsid ( cap ) gene, is a novel viral egress factor. MAAP contains a highly conserved, cationic amphipathic domain critical for AAV secretion. Wild type or recombinant AAV with a mutated MAAP start site (MAAPΔ) show markedly attenuated secretion and correspondingly, increased intracellular retention. Trans-complementation with recombinant MAAP restored extracellular secretion of multiple AAV/MAAPΔ serotypes. MAAP is sorted into recycling Rab11+ vesicles and strongly associates with EV markers upon fractionation. In addition to characterizing a novel viral egress factor, these studies highlight a prospective engineering platform to modulate secretion of AAV vectors or other EV-associated cargo.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2021,"id":216624,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9621,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":346635,"name":"L. Patrick Havlik","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":269026,"name":"Daniel K. Oh","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":137026,"name":"Heather A. Vincent","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":265976,"name":"Aravind Asokan","orcid":"0000-0001-5563-4877","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":269025,"name":"Zachary C. Elmore","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":47,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:53:11.245932Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}