{"doi":"10.1101/2021.06.14.448315","title":"Ultrafast Light Targeting for High-Throughput Precise Control of Neuronal Networks","abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding how specific sets of neurons fire and wire together during cognitive-relevant activity is one of the most pressing questions in neuroscience. Two-photon, single-cell resolution optogenetics based on holographic light-targeting approaches enables accurate spatio-temporal control of individual or multiple neurons. Yet, currently, the ability to drive asynchronous activity in distinct cells is critically limited to a few milliseconds and the achievable number of targets to several dozens. In order to expand the capability of single-cell optogenetics, we introduce an approach capable of ultra-fast sequential light targeting (FLiT), based on switching temporally focused beams between holograms at kHz rates. We demonstrate serial-parallel photostimulation strategies capable of multi-cell sub-millisecond temporal control and many-fold expansion of the number of activated cells. This approach will be important for experiments that require rapid and precise cell stimulation with defined spatio-temporal activity patterns and optical control of large neuronal ensembles.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2021,"id":215943,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9499,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":811882,"name":"Clément Molinier","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":811277,"name":"Cécile Telliez","orcid":"0009-0009-8236-3449","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":811883,"name":"Christophe Tourain","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":811278,"name":"Benoı̂t C. Forget","orcid":"0000-0001-7334-8428","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":811279,"name":"Emiliano Ronzitti","orcid":"0000-0002-3146-7880","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":554059,"name":"Valentina Emiliani","orcid":"0000-0003-2992-9510","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":811276,"name":"Giulia Faini","orcid":"0000-0002-8029-6205","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":54,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:53:00.192353Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}