{"doi":"10.1101/2021.04.22.441006","title":"Co-option of the Limb Patterning Program in Cephalopod Lens Development","abstract":"Abstract Across the Metazoa, similar genetic programs are found in the development of analogous, independently evolved, morphological features. The functional significance of this reuse and the underlying mechanisms of co-option remain unclear. Here we identify the co-option of the canonical bilaterian limb pattering program redeployed during cephalopod lens development, a functionally unrelated structure. We show radial expression of transcription factors SP6-9/sp1, Dlx/dll, Pbx/exd, Meis/hth , and a Prdl homolog in the squid Doryteuthis pealeii , similar to expression required in Drosophila limb development. We assess the role of Wnt signaling in the cephalopod lens, a positive regulator in the developing limb, and find the regulatory relationship reversed, with ectopic Wnt signaling leading to lens loss. This regulatory divergence suggests that duplication of SP6-9 in cephalopods may mediate this co-option. These results suggest that the limb network does not exclusively pattern appendage outgrowth but is performing a more universal developmental function: radial patterning.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2021,"id":220557,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9474,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":428010,"name":"Kyle J. McCulloch","orcid":"0000-0002-6203-7381","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":818149,"name":"Francesca Napoli","orcid":"0009-0009-3570-3826","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":818740,"name":"Christina M. Daly","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":817593,"name":"James H. Coleman","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288515,"name":"Kristen M. Koenig","orcid":"0000-0001-6093-2262","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":818741,"name":"Stephanie Neal","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":73,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:53:46.965811Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}