{"doi":"10.1101/2020.12.31.424971","title":"Insights into Genome Recoding from the Mechanism of a Classic +1-Frameshifting tRNA","abstract":"ABSTRACT While genome recoding using quadruplet codons to incorporate non-proteinogenic amino acids is attractive for biotechnology and bioengineering purposes, the mechanism through which such codons are translated is poorly understood. Here we investigate translation of quadruplet codons by a +1-frameshifting tRNA, SufB2 , that contains an extra nucleotide in its anticodon loop. Natural post-transcriptional modification of SufB2 in cells prevents it from frameshifting using a quadruplet-pairing mechanism such that it preferentially employs a triplet-slippage mechanism. We show that SufB2 uses triplet anticodon-codon pairing in the 0-frame to initially decode the quadruplet codon, but subsequently shifts to the +1-frame during tRNA-mRNA translocation. SufB2 frameshifting involves perturbation of an essential ribosome conformational change that facilitates tRNA-mRNA movements at a late stage of the translocation reaction. Our results provide a molecular mechanism for SufB2 -induced +1 frameshifting and suggest that engineering of a specific ribosome conformational change can improve the efficiency of genome recoding.","journal":"The Medicine Forum","year":2021,"id":220056,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9505,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":681699,"name":"Haixing Li","orcid":"0000-0002-1383-4907","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":396902,"name":"Isao Masuda","orcid":"0000-0001-9385-4424","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":387754,"name":"D. Miklos Robkis","orcid":"0000-0001-5958-5478","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":671484,"name":"Thomas Christian","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":526713,"name":"Adam Conn","orcid":"0000-0002-4988-7314","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":554384,"name":"Gregor Blaha","orcid":"0000-0001-7228-0185","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":239973,"name":"E. James Petersson","orcid":"0000-0003-3854-9210","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":351136,"name":"Ruben L. Gonzalez","orcid":"0000-0002-1344-5581","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":17829,"name":"Ya-Ming Hou","orcid":"0000-0001-6546-2597","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":488621,"name":"Howard Gamper","orcid":"0000-0001-9007-8546","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":70,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:53:42.928212Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}