{"doi":"10.1101/2020.12.15.422816","title":"The 3'tsRNAs are aminoacylated: Implications for their biogenesis","abstract":"Abstract Emerging evidence indicates that tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are involved in fine-tuning gene expression and become dysregulated in various cancers. We recently showed that the 22nt LeuCAG tsRNA from 3’ end of tRNA Leu is required for efficient translation of a ribosomal protein mRNA and ribosome biogenesis. Inactivation of this tsRNA induced apoptosis in rapidly dividing cells and suppressed the growth of a patient derived orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. The mechanism involved in the generation of the 3’-tsRNAs remains elusive and it is unclear if the 3’-ends of 3’-tsRNAs are aminoacylated. Here we report an enzymatic method utilizing exonuclease T to determine the 3’charging status of tRNAs and tsRNAs. Our results showed that the LeuCAG 3’-tsRNA is fully charged and originated solely from charged mature tRNA. When the leucyl-tRNA synthetase was knocked down, less tsRNA was generated while the mature tRNA was not reduced further supporting that tsRNA generation is regulated. The fact that the 3’-tsRNA is aminoacylated has implications for their biogenesis and provides additional insights into their biological role in post-transcriptional gene regulation.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2020,"id":131933,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9468,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":587400,"name":"Hak Kyun Kim","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":395840,"name":"Jianpeng Xu","orcid":"0000-0002-5707-8154","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":245569,"name":"Mark A. Kay","orcid":"0000-0002-2799-2615","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":586801,"name":"Ziwei Liu","orcid":"0000-0002-1812-2538","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":47,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:16:07.542484Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}