{"doi":"10.1101/2020.12.09.417832","title":"Disruptions in effort-based decision-making following acute optogenetic stimulation of ventral tegmental area dopamine cells","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The dopamine system has been implicated in decision-making particularly when associated with effortful behavior. We examined acute optogenetic stimulation of dopamine cells in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) as mice engaged in an effort-based decision-making task. Tyrosine hydroxylase-Cre mice were injected with Cre-dependent ChR2 or eYFP control in VTA. While eYFP control mice showed effortful discounting, stimulation of dopamine cells in ChR2 mice disrupted effort-based decision-making by reducing choice towards the lever associated with a preferred outcome and greater effort. Surprisingly, disruptions in effortful discounting were observed in subsequent test sessions conducted in the absence of optogenetic stimulation, however during these sessions ChR2 mice displayed enhanced high choice responding across trial blocks. These findings suggest increases in VTA dopamine cell activity can disrupt effort-based decision-making in distinct ways dependent on the timing of optogenetic stimulation.</jats:p>","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":null,"id":46194,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":214615,"name":"Nathan T. Pence","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":214616,"name":"Andrew McLocklin","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":214617,"name":"Alexander W Johnson","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":214614,"name":"Benjamin R. Fry","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"24551422","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3112545656","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"1R01DK111475-01A1","title":"Neuropeptide modulation of predictive regulation via chemogenetic and optogenetc control"}],"total_grants":1,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[],"oa_status":"green","license":"CC BY NC","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/01/22/2020.12.09.417832.full.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/01/22/2020.12.09.417832.full.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/2020.12.09.417832","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.09.417832","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.053082.120","host_type":""},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33723029","host_type":""},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.053082.120","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.053082.120","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.09.417832","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","Neural dynamics and brain function","Memory and Neural Mechanisms","03 medical and health sciences","0302 clinical medicine"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Optogenetics","Ventral tegmental area","Dopamine","Stimulation","Neuroscience","Psychology","Tyrosine hydroxylase","Nucleus accumbens","Dopaminergic","Mice","Behavior, Animal","Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase","Dopaminergic Neurons","Decision Making","Animals","Conditioning, Operant","Brief Communication","Psychomotor Performance"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-07T04:58:43.458896Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}