{"doi":"10.1101/2020.11.06.372037","title":"Landscape analysis of escape variants identifies SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations that attenuate monoclonal and serum antibody neutralization","abstract":"ABSTRACT Although neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein are a goal of COVID-19 vaccines and have received emergency use authorization as therapeutics, viral escape mutants could compromise their efficacy. To define the immune-selected mutational landscape in S protein, we used a VSV-eGFP-SARS-CoV-2-S chimeric virus and 19 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) to generate 50 different escape mutants. The variants were mapped onto the RBD structure and evaluated for cross-resistance to mAbs and convalescent human sera. Each mAb had a unique resistance profile, although many shared residues within an epitope. Some variants ( e.g ., S477N) were resistant to neutralization by multiple mAbs, whereas others ( e.g ., E484K) escaped neutralization by convalescent sera, suggesting some humans induce a narrow repertoire of neutralizing antibodies. Comparing the antibody-mediated mutational landscape in S with sequence variation in circulating SARS-CoV-2, we define substitutions that may attenuate neutralizing immune responses in some humans.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2020,"id":118329,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":111,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9558,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":550303,"name":"Laura A. VanBlargan","orcid":"0000-0002-8922-8946","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226293,"name":"Louis-Marie Bloyet","orcid":"0000-0002-5648-3190","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106713,"name":"Paul W. Rothlauf","orcid":"0000-0002-0941-4467","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106500,"name":"Rita E. Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-5100-7750","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":550304,"name":"Spencer Stumpf","orcid":"0009-0001-3658-9377","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227333,"name":"Haiyan Zhao","orcid":"0000-0001-5123-5537","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":262619,"name":"John M. Errico","orcid":"0000-0002-4452-8152","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227346,"name":"Elitza S. Theel","orcid":"0000-0002-6886-2294","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":550305,"name":"Mariel J. Liebeskind","orcid":"0000-0003-4595-0651","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":551250,"name":"Brynn Alford","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240471,"name":"William Buchser","orcid":"0000-0002-6675-6359","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":550306,"name":"Ali H. Ellebedy","orcid":"0000-0001-8806-7856","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":225534,"name":"Daved H. Fremont","orcid":"0000-0002-8544-2689","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106529,"name":"Michael Diamond","orcid":"0000-0002-8791-3165","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103752,"name":"Sean P. J. Whelan","orcid":"0000-0003-1564-8590","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106714,"name":"Zhuoming Liu","orcid":"0000-0001-8198-0976","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":43,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:13:58.531532Z","pmid":"33442690","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}