{"doi":"10.1101/2020.08.12.246389","title":"Maraviroc inhibits SARS-CoV-2 multiplication and s-protein mediated cell fusion in cell culture","abstract":"In an effort to identify therapeutic intervention strategies for the treatment of COVID-19, we have investigated a selection of FDA-approved small molecules and biologics that are commonly used to treat other human diseases. A investigation into 18 small molecules and 3 biologics was conducted in cell culture and the impact of treatment on viral titer was quantified by plaque assay. The investigation identified 4 FDA-approved small molecules, Maraviroc, FTY720 (Fingolimod), Atorvastatin and Nitazoxanide that were able to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection. Confocal microscopy with over expressed S-protein demonstrated that Maraviroc reduced the extent of S-protein mediated cell fusion as observed by fewer multinucleate cells in the context of drug-treatment. Mathematical modeling of drug-dependent viral multiplication dynamics revealed that prolonged drug treatment will exert an exponential decrease in viral load in a multicellular/tissue environment. Taken together, the data demonstrate that Maraviroc, Fingolimod, Atorvastatin and Nitazoxanide inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2020,"id":118819,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":39,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9597,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":430110,"name":"Katie V. Tieu","orcid":"0000-0001-6166-6648","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":550756,"name":"Yafei Wang","orcid":"0000-0001-6594-0608","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321184,"name":"Michael Getz","orcid":"0000-0001-9886-8454","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":167870,"name":"Allison Bakovic","orcid":"0000-0002-2169-756X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":506656,"name":"Nishank Bhalla","orcid":"0000-0003-0354-6300","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":552234,"name":"Steven D. Nathan","orcid":"0000-0002-6270-1617","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301791,"name":"Daniel E. Conway","orcid":"0000-0001-6624-177X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":237255,"name":"Paul Macklin","orcid":"0000-0002-9925-0151","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":267643,"name":"Aarthi Narayanan","orcid":"0000-0002-4889-4416","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":122388,"name":"Farhang Alem","orcid":"0000-0002-4288-2502","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":506659,"name":"Kenneth Risner","orcid":"0000-0001-6999-7564","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":50,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:14:03.409507Z","pmid":"32817953","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}