{"doi":"10.1101/2020.07.24.220012","title":"Epigenomic characterization of latent HIV infection identifies latency regulating transcription factors","abstract":"Summary Transcriptional silencing of HIV generates a reservoir of latently infected cells, but the mechanisms that lead to this outcome are not well understood. We characterized a primary cell model of HIV latency, and observed that latency is a stable, heritable viral state that is rapidly reestablished after stimulation. Using Assay of Transposon-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (ATACseq) we found that latently infected cells exhibit reduced proviral accessibility, elevated activity of Forkead and Kruppel-like factor transcription factors (TFs), and reduced activity of AP-1, RUNX and GATA TFs. Latency reversing agents caused distinct patterns of chromatin reopening across the provirus. Furthermore, depletion of a chromatin domain insulator, CTCF inhibited HIV latency, identifying this factor as playing a key role in the initiation or enforcement of latency. These data indicate that HIV latency develops preferentially in cells with a distinct pattern of TF activity that promotes a closed proviral structure and inhibits viral gene expression.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2020,"id":125177,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9535,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":571841,"name":"S. Burgos","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":570940,"name":"Jackson J. Peterson","orcid":"0000-0001-9562-2109","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":445381,"name":"Sara R. Selitsky","orcid":"0000-0001-8765-5269","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":249718,"name":"Anne‐Marie W. Turner","orcid":"0000-0002-7312-4616","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":540831,"name":"Lindsey I. James","orcid":"0000-0002-6034-7116","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105520,"name":"David M. Margolis","orcid":"0000-0001-5714-0002","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":13902,"name":"Joel S. Parker","orcid":"0000-0003-2080-6901","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233489,"name":"Edward P. Browne","orcid":"0000-0001-9070-7015","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":553676,"name":"Stuart R. Jefferys","orcid":"0000-0001-6259-085X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":70,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:15:15.482227Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}