{"doi":"10.1101/2020.06.27.175166","title":"Modified Vaccinia Ankara Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Expressing Full-Length Spike Induces Strong Neutralizing Antibody Response","abstract":"Abstract There is a great need for the development of vaccines for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we developed two modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) based vaccines which express either a membrane anchored full-length spike protein (MVA/S) stabilized in a prefusion state or the S1 region of the spike (MVA/S1) which forms trimers and is secreted. Both immunogens contained the receptor-binding domain (RBD) which is a known target of antibody-mediated neutralization. Following immunizations with MVA/S or MVA/S1, both spike protein recombinants induced strong IgG antibodies to purified full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The MVA/S induced a robust antibody response to purified RBD, S1 and S2 whereas MVA/S1 induced an antibody response to the S1 region outside of the RBD region. Both vaccines induced an antibody response in the lung and that was associated with induction of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. MVA/S but not MVA/S1 vaccinated mice generated robust neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 that strongly correlated with RBD antibody binding titers. Mechanistically, S1 binding to ACE-2 was strong but reduced following prolonged pre-incubation at room temperature suggesting confirmation changes in RBD with time. These results demonstrate MVA/S is a potential vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 infection.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2020,"id":120711,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.956,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":253811,"name":"Sailaja Gangadhara","orcid":"0000-0001-8603-628X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":558767,"name":"Narayanaiah Cheedarla","orcid":"0000-0001-6072-4383","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":559777,"name":"Ayalnesh Shiferaw","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":424700,"name":"Sheikh Abdul Rahman","orcid":"0000-0002-3832-2713","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":558768,"name":"Anusmita Sahoo","orcid":"0000-0001-6903-969X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":38215,"name":"Pei‐Yong Shi","orcid":"0000-0001-5553-1616","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105316,"name":"Vineet D. Menachery","orcid":"0000-0001-8803-7606","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218085,"name":"Katharine Floyd","orcid":"0000-0002-0866-6961","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106724,"name":"Stephanie Fischinger","orcid":"0000-0003-2307-3379","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106723,"name":"Caroline Atyeo","orcid":"0000-0002-7489-0232","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106757,"name":"Galit Alter","orcid":"0000-0002-7680-9215","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106937,"name":"Mehul S. Suthar","orcid":"0000-0002-2686-8380","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":253824,"name":"Rama Rao Amara","orcid":"0000-0002-6309-6797","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":524266,"name":"Nanda Kishore Routhu","orcid":"0000-0003-2080-819X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":32,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:14:38.147936Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}