{"doi":"10.1101/2020.02.16.951475","title":"Role of nanoscale antigen organization on B-cell activation probed using DNA origami","abstract":"ABSTRACT Arraying vaccine immunogens in a multivalent form on the surface of virus-like particles is an important strategy used to enhance the efficacy of subunit vaccines. However, the impacts of antigen valency, spacing, and spatial organization on B cell triggering remain poorly understood. Here, we use DNA origami nanoparticles to create precise nanoscale organizations of a clinically-relevant HIV gp120 immunogen to systematically interrogate their impact on B cell triggering in vitro . We find that antigen dimers elicit monotonically increasing B cell receptor activation as inter-antigen spacing increases up to ~30 nm, and only 5 immunogens arrayed on the surface of a 3D particle are needed to elicit maximal B cell calcium signaling. Our results reveal design principles of viral and immunogen display that drive functional B cell responses.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2020,"id":119032,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":30,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9426,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":239102,"name":"Tyson J. Moyer","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":552750,"name":"Matthew B. Stone","orcid":"0000-0001-8858-4239","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":552751,"name":"Tyson R. Shepherd","orcid":"0000-0001-7122-1917","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":236279,"name":"William R. Schief","orcid":"0000-0002-1120-0150","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":236278,"name":"Darrell J. Irvine","orcid":"0000-0002-8637-1405","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":282021,"name":"Mark Bathe","orcid":"0000-0002-6199-6855","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":552749,"name":"Rémi Veneziano","orcid":"0000-0002-2726-3770","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":41,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:14:03.409507Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}