{"doi":"10.1101/2020.01.08.898924","title":"Genomic structure, evolutionary origins, and reproductive function of a large amplified intrinsically disordered protein gene on the X chromosome ( <i>Laidx</i> ) in mice","abstract":"Abstract Mouse sex chromosomes are enriched for co-amplified gene families, present in tens to hundreds of copies. Co-amplification of Slx / Slxl1 on the X chromosome and Sly on the Y chromosome are involved in dose-dependent genetic conflict, however the role of other co-amplified genes remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that the co-amplified gene family Srsx , along with two additional partial gene annotations, is actually part of a larger transcription unit, which we name Laidx . Laidx is harbored in a 229 kb amplicon that represents the ancestral state as compared to a 525 kb Y-amplicon containing the rearranged Laidy . Laidx contains a 25,011 nucleotide open reading frame, predominantly expressed in round spermatids, predicted to encode an 871 kDa protein. Laidx has orthologous copies with the rat and also the 825-MY diverged parasitic Chinese liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis , the likely result of a horizontal gene transfer of rodent Laidx to an ancestor of the liver fluke. To assess the male reproductive functions of Laidx , we generated mice carrying a multi-megabase deletion of the Laidx -ampliconic region. Laidx -deficient male mice do not show detectable reproductive defects in fertility, fecundity, testis histology, and offspring sex ratio. We speculate that Laidx and Laidy represent a now inactive X versus Y chromosome conflict that occurred in an ancestor of present day mice.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2020,"id":128744,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9571,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":435248,"name":"Michele Brogley","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":435249,"name":"Evan R. Stark-Dykema","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":87797,"name":"Yueh-Chiang Hu","orcid":"0000-0002-7992-0525","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415696,"name":"Jacob L. Mueller","orcid":"0000-0003-1232-0303","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":434586,"name":"Martin F. Arlt","orcid":"0000-0002-4716-8295","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":23,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:15:42.522809Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}