{"doi":"10.1101/183160","title":"Cryo-EM shows how dynactin recruits two dyneins for faster movement","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Dynein and its cofactor dynactin form a highly processive microtubule motor in the presence of an activating adaptor, such as BICD2. Different adaptors link dynein/dynactin to distinct cargos. Here we use electron microscopy (EM) and single molecule studies to show that adaptors can recruit a second dynein to dynactin. Whereas BICD2 is biased toward recruiting a single dynein, the adaptors BICDR1 and HOOK3 predominantly recruit two. We find that the shift toward a double dynein complex increases both force and speed. A 3.5 Å cryo-EM reconstruction of a dynein tail/dynactin/BICDR1 complex reveals how dynactin can act as a scaffold to coordinate two dyneins side by side. Our work provides a structural basis for how diverse adaptors recruit different numbers of dyneins and regulate the motile properties of the dynein/dynactin transport machine.</jats:p>","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":null,"id":42617,"datarank":0.439936762101775,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"self_citation_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citation_network_contribution":0.148050239743478,"self_endowment_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citer_contribution":0.148050239743478,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":6,"citers_with_citation_signal":3,"citers_with_endowment":3,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":203747,"name":"Clinton K. Lau","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203748,"name":"Mohamed M. Elshenawy","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203749,"name":"Edgar Morales-Rios","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203750,"name":"Carina Motz","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203751,"name":"Ahmet Yildiz","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201954,"name":"Andrew P. Carter","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201888,"name":"Linas Urnavicius","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"18998881","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2951128850","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Science Foundation","grant_id":"1055017","title":"CAREER: Single Molecule Studies to Dissect the Mechanochemistry of Cytoplasmic Dynein"},{"funder_name":"UK Research and Innovation","grant_id":"MC_UP_A025_1011","title":"The structure and mechanism of Dynein"},{"funder_name":"Wellcome Trust","grant_id":"100387","title":"Transport of cargo by cytoplasmic dynein."}],"total_grants":3,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2018,"count":1},{"year":2020,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":1},{"year":2023,"count":2}],"oa_status":"green","license":"cc-by-nc-nd","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2017/08/31/183160.full.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2017/08/31/183160.full.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/183160","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/183160","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature25462","host_type":""},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5988349?pdf=render","host_type":""},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420470","host_type":""},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature25462","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature25462","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/183160","host_type":""},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/183160","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Microtubule and mitosis dynamics","Micro and Nano Robotics","Cellular transport and secretion","0301 basic medicine","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Dynactin","Dynein","Microtubule","Cell biology","Biophysics","Biology","Models, Molecular","Swine","Movement","Cryoelectron Microscopy","Dyneins","Biological Transport","Dynactin Complex","Microtubules","Article","Single Molecule Imaging","Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport","Mice","Animals","Humans","Microtubule-Associated Proteins"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-14T04:14:44.438980Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}