{"doi":"10.1098/rsob.190235","title":"Neoleukin-2 enhances anti-tumour immunity downstream of peptide vaccination targeted by an anti-MHC class II VHH","abstract":"Cancer-specific mutations can lead to peptides of unique sequence presented on MHC class I to CD8 T cells. These neoantigens can be potent tumour-rejection antigens, appear to be the driving force behind responsiveness to anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD1/L1-based therapies and have been used to develop personalized vaccines. The platform for delivering neoantigen-based vaccines has varied, and further optimization of both platform and adjuvant will be necessary to achieve scalable vaccine products that are therapeutically effective at a reasonable cost. Here, we developed a platform for testing potential CD8 T cell tumour vaccine candidates. We used a high-affinity alpaca-derived VHH against MHC class II to deliver peptides to professional antigen-presenting cells. We show in vitro and in vivo that peptides derived from the model antigen ovalbumin are better able to activate naive ovalbumin-specific CD8 T cells when conjugated to an MHC class II-specific VHH when compared with an irrelevant control VHH. We then used the VHH-peptide platform to evaluate a panel of candidate neoantigens in vivo in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. None of the candidate neoantigens tested led to protection from tumour challenge; however, we were able to show vaccine-induced CD8 T cell responses to a melanoma self-antigen that was augmented by combination therapy with the synthetic cytokine mimetic Neo2/15.","journal":"Open Biology","year":2020,"id":80910,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":14,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9459,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":418764,"name":"Patrick T. Bruck","orcid":"0000-0002-8278-3904","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418765,"name":"M. Aladdin Bhuiyan","orcid":"0000-0002-5958-2397","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":419409,"name":"Amelia Mitchell-Gears","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418766,"name":"Michael J. Walsh","orcid":"0000-0002-1283-6847","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418767,"name":"Kevin Zhangxu","orcid":"0000-0002-7477-6691","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418768,"name":"Lestat R. Ali","orcid":"0000-0003-2673-1592","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418769,"name":"Hee‐Jin Jeong","orcid":"0000-0001-5897-1756","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":282789,"name":"Jessica R. Ingram","orcid":"0000-0003-1294-0270","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":392218,"name":"David M. Knipe","orcid":"0000-0003-1554-6236","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":245647,"name":"Hidde L. Ploegh","orcid":"0000-0002-1090-6071","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":50969,"name":"Michael Dougan","orcid":"0000-0001-9266-2009","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227527,"name":"Stephanie K. Dougan","orcid":"0000-0002-2263-363X","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418763,"name":"Stephanie J. Crowley","orcid":"0000-0002-6665-0108","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":48,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:51:58.988919Z","pmid":"32019478","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}