{"doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2021.0424","title":"Idiosyncratic learning performance in flies","abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Individuals vary in their innate behaviours, even when they have the same genome and have been reared in the same environment. The extent of individuality in plastic behaviours, like learning, is less well characterized. Also unknown is the extent to which intragenotypic differences in learning generalize: if an individual performs well in one assay, will it perform well in other assays? We investigated this using the fruit fly\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster</jats:italic>\n                    , an organism long-used to study the mechanistic basis of learning and memory. We found that isogenic flies, reared in identical laboratory conditions, and subject to classical conditioning that associated odorants with electric shock, exhibit clear individuality in their learning responses. Flies that performed well when an odour was paired with shock tended to perform well when the odour was paired with bitter taste or when other odours were paired with shock. Thus, individuality in learning performance appears to be prominent in isogenic animals reared identically, and individual differences in learning performance generalize across some aversive sensory modalities. Establishing these results in flies opens up the possibility of studying the genetic and neural circuit basis of individual differences in learning in a highly suitable model organism.\n                  </jats:p>","journal":"Biology Letters","year":2022,"id":608494,"datarank":0.5375278407684165,"base_score":3.58351893845611,"endowment":3.58351893845611,"self_citation_contribution":0.5375278407684165,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5375278407684165,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":35,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":4,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":929992,"name":"Kyle S. Honegger","orcid":"0000-0002-3176-7445","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":803948,"name":"Glenn Turner","orcid":"0000-0002-5341-2784","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":73016,"name":"Benjamin de Bivort","orcid":"0000-0001-6165-7696","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1562887,"name":"Matthew A.-Y. Smith","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Idiosyncratic learning performance in flies","abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Individuals vary in their innate behaviours, even when they have the same genome and have been reared in the same environment. The extent of individuality in plastic behaviours, like learning, is less well characterized. Also unknown is the extent to which intragenotypic differences in learning generalize: if an individual performs well in one assay, will it perform well in other assays? We investigated this using the fruit fly\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster</jats:italic>\n                    , an organism long-used to study the mechanistic basis of learning and memory. We found that isogenic flies, reared in identical laboratory conditions, and subject to classical conditioning that associated odorants with electric shock, exhibit clear individuality in their learning responses. Flies that performed well when an odour was paired with shock tended to perform well when the odour was paired with bitter taste or when other odours were paired with shock. Thus, individuality in learning performance appears to be prominent in isogenic animals reared identically, and individual differences in learning performance generalize across some aversive sensory modalities. Establishing these results in flies opens up the possibility of studying the genetic and neural circuit basis of individual differences in learning in a highly suitable model organism.\n                  </jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.58351893845611,"endowment":3.58351893845611,"datacite_reuse_total":4,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"35104427","pmcid":"PMC8807056","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4210575820","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Esther A. and Joseph Klingenstein Fund","grant_id":"Klingenstein-Simons Fellowship Award","title":null},{"funder_name":"Richard and Susan Smith Family Foundation","grant_id":"Odyssey Award","title":null},{"funder_name":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","grant_id":"Sloan Research Fellowship","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"1R01NS121874-01","title":"Structural variation in neuronal circuits as a basis for functional and behavioral individuality"},{"funder_name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":5,"fwci":2.6678,"citation_percentile":0.90792548,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2021,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":7},{"year":2023,"count":6},{"year":2024,"count":8},{"year":2025,"count":8},{"year":2026,"count":5}],"oa_status":"hybrid","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0424","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0424","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0424","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0424","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35104427","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/0_from_Idiosyncratic_learning_performance_in_flies/17698575","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8807056","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17698575.v1","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8807056","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8807056?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0424","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research","Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","Insect Utilization and Effects","0301 basic medicine","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Avoidance Learning","Conditioning, Classical","Drosophila","Drosophila melanogaster","Learning","Odorants"],"keywords":["Biology","Drosophila melanogaster","Organism","Associative learning","Stimulus modality","Sensory system","Mushroom bodies","Drosophilidae","Evolutionary biology","Taste","Drosophila (subgenus)","Conditioning","Cognitive psychology","Genetics","Neuroscience","Gene","Psychology","Drosophila","Personality","Pavlovian Conditioning","Individuality","Generalized Learning","Conditioning, Classical","Odorants","Avoidance Learning","Animals","Learning","Animal Behaviour"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Quality Education"}],"linked_datasets":[{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.17698575.v1","title":"0 from Idiosyncratic learning performance in flies","publisher":"The Royal Society","resource_type":"JournalArticle"},{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.17698575","title":"0 from Idiosyncratic learning performance in flies","publisher":"The Royal Society","resource_type":"JournalArticle"},{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769072.v1","title":"Supplementary material from \"Idiosyncratic learning performance in flies\"","publisher":"The Royal Society","resource_type":"Collection"},{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769072","title":"Supplementary material from \"Idiosyncratic learning performance in flies\"","publisher":"The Royal Society","resource_type":"Collection"}],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[{"name":"doi"}],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-30T17:18:23.250885Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}