{"doi":"10.1097/qad.0b013e3283568849","title":"Memory B-cell depletion is a feature of HIV-2 infection even in the absence of detectable viremia","abstract":null,"journal":"AIDS","year":2012,"id":648609,"datarank":0.7817550772458887,"base_score":2.772588722239781,"endowment":2.772588722239781,"self_citation_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citation_network_contribution":0.3658667689099214,"self_endowment_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citer_contribution":0.3658667689099214,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":12,"citers_with_citation_signal":10,"citers_with_endowment":10,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":870698,"name":"Sofia Fernandes","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":724479,"name":"Russell B. Foxall","orcid":"0000-0001-9821-0708","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690442,"name":"José M. Marcelino","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":48733,"name":"Nuno Taveira","orcid":"0000-0003-0176-5585","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690446,"name":"Rui S. Soares","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690448,"name":"António P. Baptista","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690450,"name":"Rita Cavaleiro","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690453,"name":"Perpétua Gomes","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690457,"name":"Rui M.M. Victorino","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690460,"name":"Ana E. Sousa","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1690437,"name":"Rita Tendeiro","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Memory B-cell depletion is a feature of HIV-2 infection even in the absence of detectable viremia","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Memory B-cell loss has long been recognized as an important contributor to HIV immunodeficiency. HIV-2 infection, which is characterized by a slow rate of progression to AIDS and reduced to undetectable viremia, provides a unique model to investigate B-cell disturbances. DESIGN AND METHODS: B-cell subsets were evaluated in 38 HIV-2-infected individuals, along with markers of T-cell activation and serum levels of immunoglobulins and a major B-cell homeostatic cytokine, B-cell activating factor (BAFF). Untreated HIV-1-infected and seronegative control individuals were studied in parallel. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney tests and Spearman's correlations. RESULTS: We found that HIV-2 was associated with significant depletion of both unswitched (CD27(+)IgD(+)) and switched (CD27(+)IgD(neg)) memory B-cells that directly correlated with T-cell activation, even in individuals with undetectable plasma viral load. Nevertheless, the presence of detectable viremia, even at low levels, was associated with significant memory B-cell loss and higher BAFF levels. Moreover, these alterations were not recovered by antiretroviral-therapy, as treated HIV-2-infected patients showed more pronounced B-cell disturbances, possibly related to their extended length of infection. CONCLUSION: These first data regarding B-cell imbalances during HIV-2 infection show that, irrespective of viremia, prolonged HIV infection leads to irreversible damage of memory B-cell homeostasis.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.772588722239781,"endowment":2.772588722239781,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"22695303","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2119203239","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.7462,"citation_percentile":0.68243115,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2013,"count":2},{"year":2014,"count":2},{"year":2015,"count":2},{"year":2016,"count":1},{"year":2017,"count":1},{"year":2019,"count":2},{"year":2020,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":1},{"year":2024,"count":1},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283568849","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/qad.0b013e3283568849","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22695303","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/items/8cf47b69-5ed0-4817-88f8-dd506c131143/request-a-copy?bitstream=af08f4a7-25d0-406c-96e5-cbb1fae027da","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10451/18294","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["HIV Research and Treatment","T-cell and B-cell Immunology","Immune Cell Function and Interaction"],"mesh_terms":["Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","Adult","B-Lymphocytes","Female","Flow Cytometry","HIV Seropositivity","Humans","Immunologic Memory","Lymphocyte Activation","Male","Middle Aged","RNA, Viral","Viremia","HIV-1","HIV-2","Immunophenotyping","B-Lymphocyte Subsets","HIV Seronegativity","Disease Progression","Anti-HIV Agents","Viral Load","B-Cell Activating Factor"],"keywords":["Viremia","Immunology","Memory B cell","B cell","B-cell activating factor","T cell","Antibody","Viral load","Immunoglobulin D","Biology","Virology","Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","Medicine","Immune system"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-10T02:47:50.216452Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}