{"doi":"10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.970.3","title":"Short axis inferior vena cava measures are more sensitive than long‐axis measures in defining acute volume loading in normal human volunteers.","abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Change in inferior cava diameter (IVC) during respiration is a potentially non invasive measure of blood volume in haemodialysis (HD) and heart failure (HF) patients. We tested its sensitivity to acute volume loading in normal volunteers (NV).</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>30 NV (16 male; 48.7 ± 8.6 years, range 48–63) received intravenous 0.9% saline (IVS; 1.5 L over 20 minutes). IVC was measured by M‐mode echocardiography in long‐(LAX) and short‐axis (SAX) views during expiration (IVCe), inspiration (IVCi) and maximal inspiration (IVCmi) at 0, 1, 2 and 4 h. IVC was corrected for body surface area (IVCD) and IVC collapsibility index (IVCCI) was defined as IVCCIi=[(IVCe‐IVCi)/IVCe] × 100.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was good linear correlation between LAX and SAX IVC [IVCe: r=0.809;\n                      <jats:italic>p&lt;0.0001</jats:italic>\n                      , IVCi: r=0.660;\n                      <jats:italic>p&lt;0.0001</jats:italic>\n                      and IVCmi: r=0.498;\n                      <jats:italic>p=0.005</jats:italic>\n                      ]. Parameters increased following IVS, with greater change from baseline in SAX. Only IVCe and IVCDe in SAX increased significantly following IVS (Table 1).\n                    </jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite good correlation between LAX and SAX, SAX inferior vena cava indices are more responsive to IVS in NV. Further studies to assess the utility of these indices in the routine care of HF and HD patients are indicated.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Funding</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Haemostasis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit charitable funds.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","journal":"The FASEB Journal","year":2008,"id":665308,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":27696,"name":"Gregory Y. H. Lip","orcid":"0000-0002-7566-1626","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1737315,"name":"Robert J. MacFadyen","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1737314,"name":"M. Jennyfer Ng Kam Chuen","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Short axis inferior vena cava measures are more sensitive than long‐axis measures in defining acute volume loading in normal human volunteers.","abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Change in inferior cava diameter (IVC) during respiration is a potentially non invasive measure of blood volume in haemodialysis (HD) and heart failure (HF) patients. We tested its sensitivity to acute volume loading in normal volunteers (NV).</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>30 NV (16 male; 48.7 ± 8.6 years, range 48–63) received intravenous 0.9% saline (IVS; 1.5 L over 20 minutes). IVC was measured by M‐mode echocardiography in long‐(LAX) and short‐axis (SAX) views during expiration (IVCe), inspiration (IVCi) and maximal inspiration (IVCmi) at 0, 1, 2 and 4 h. IVC was corrected for body surface area (IVCD) and IVC collapsibility index (IVCCI) was defined as IVCCIi=[(IVCe‐IVCi)/IVCe] × 100.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was good linear correlation between LAX and SAX IVC [IVCe: r=0.809;\n                      <jats:italic>p&lt;0.0001</jats:italic>\n                      , IVCi: r=0.660;\n                      <jats:italic>p&lt;0.0001</jats:italic>\n                      and IVCmi: r=0.498;\n                      <jats:italic>p=0.005</jats:italic>\n                      ]. Parameters increased following IVS, with greater change from baseline in SAX. Only IVCe and IVCDe in SAX increased significantly following IVS (Table 1).\n                    </jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite good correlation between LAX and SAX, SAX inferior vena cava indices are more responsive to IVS in NV. Further studies to assess the utility of these indices in the routine care of HF and HD patients are indicated.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Funding</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Haemostasis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit charitable funds.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"19162232","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2288549213","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.0,"citation_percentile":0.23854637,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.970.3","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.970.3","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.970.3","host_type":"journal"}],"fields_of_study":["Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","Dialysis and Renal Disease Management","Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Inferior vena cava","Medicine","Cardiology","Expiration","Intravascular volume status","Body surface area","Internal medicine","Thrombosis","Nuclear medicine","Anesthesia","Hemodynamics","Respiratory system"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-13T08:16:55.863203Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}