{"doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofz553","title":"Epidemiology of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis Colonization in Nursing Facilities","abstract":"Abstract Background Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis frequently colonize nursing facility (NF) residents, creating opportunities for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) transmission and dissemination of mobile genetic elements conferring antimicrobial resistance. Most VRE studies do not speciate; our study addresses this lack and compares the epidemiology of E faecium and E faecalis. Methods We enrolled 651 newly admitted patients from 6 different NFs and collected swabs from several body sites at enrollment, 14 days, 30 days, and monthly thereafter for up to 6 months. The VRE were speciated using a duplex polymerase chain reaction. We used multinomial logistic regression models to compare risk factors associated with colonization of E faecium and E faecalis. Results Overall, 40.7% were colonized with E faecium, E faecalis, or both. At enrollment, more participants were colonized with E faecium (17.8%) than E faecalis (8.4%); 3.2% carried both species. Enterococcus faecium was carried twice as long as E faecalis (69 days and 32 days, respectively), but incidence rates were similar (E faecium, 3.9/1000 person-days vs E faecalis, 4.1/1000 person-days). Length of stay did not differ by species among incident cases. Residents who used antibiotics within the past 30 days had a greater incidence of both E faecium (odds ratio [OR] = 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.82–4.60) and E faecalis (OR = 1.80; 95% CI, 1.16–2.80); device use was most strongly associated with the incidence of E faecium colonization (OR = 2.01; 95% CI, 1.15–3.50). Conclusions Recent increases in vancomycin-resistant E faecium prevalence may reflect increased device use and longer duration of carriage.","journal":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","year":2020,"id":99703,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":29,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9602,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":491300,"name":"Liam Hicks","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":490442,"name":"Ihsan Ali","orcid":"0000-0002-9549-2540","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":454261,"name":"Elizabeth Salzman","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":423565,"name":"Joyce Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-8674-1015","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":329864,"name":"Evan S. Snitkin","orcid":"0000-0001-8409-278X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":405262,"name":"Kristen Gibson","orcid":"0000-0002-5648-5209","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425049,"name":"Marco Cassone","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":306056,"name":"Lona Mody","orcid":"0000-0002-0260-8007","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":317975,"name":"Betsy Foxman","orcid":"0000-0001-6682-238X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":338630,"name":"Elyse Davis","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":40,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T22:38:09.754371Z","pmid":"31993459","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}