{"doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofae557","title":"Estimating the Effect of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination and Infection Variant on Post-COVID-19 Venous Thrombosis or Embolism Risk","abstract":"Background: Previous research has shown that vaccination reduces risk of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) venous thrombosis or embolism (VTE), but the effect of vaccine boosting on post-COVID-19 VTE risk reduction is unclear. We sought to estimate the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the risk of post-COVID-19 VTE and to examine if the magnitude of this association differed among variant eras. Methods: We performed a case-control study of Military Health System (MHS) beneficiaries who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2020-2022. Cases were defined as those with medically attended VTE within 90 days after their first positive SARS-CoV-2 test; controls were defined as SARS-CoV-2 infections without incident VTE by 90 days. Multivariate logistic regression estimated the odds of post-SARS-CoV-2 VTE based on pre-COVID-19 vaccine status, adjusting for other VTE risk factors. Results: A total of 4646 MHS beneficiaries were included in this analysis; 1370 received a primary vaccine series and a further 790 received at least 1 booster at time of infection; 71 had VTE within 90 days of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Those who were vaccinated had lower odds of VTE (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]) compared to the unvaccinated following infection (primary series: 0.28 [.13-.62]; booster dose: 0.06 [.01-.46]). Post-COVID-19 VTE risk was lowest during the Omicron era, but VTEs were too rare to examine for an interaction of variant era and vaccine effect. Conclusions: Among MHS beneficiaries, COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a reduced risk of post-COVID-19 VTE diagnosis; estimated risk reduction was larger among those who received a booster.","journal":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","year":2024,"id":471980,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9611,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":536243,"name":"Stephanie A Richard","orcid":"0000-0002-0530-384X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420631,"name":"Celia Byrne","orcid":"0000-0001-8289-4252","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":485025,"name":"Jennifer A. Rusiecki","orcid":"0000-0003-3881-8695","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1307545,"name":"B. van de Wier⁎","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670641,"name":"Catherine M Berjohn","orcid":"0000-0001-5655-8183","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":696869,"name":"Anthony C Fries","orcid":"0000-0001-7556-1353","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":426930,"name":"Tahaniyat Lalani","orcid":"0000-0002-9361-2991","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":690026,"name":"Alfred G. Smith","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":689161,"name":"Rupal Mody","orcid":"0000-0003-3862-4495","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":427625,"name":"Anuradha Ganesan","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":671512,"name":"Nikhil Huprikar","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514704,"name":"Rhonda E Colombo","orcid":"0000-0003-0154-1928","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":449838,"name":"Christina Schofield","orcid":"0000-0002-0367-4495","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670628,"name":"David A Lindholm","orcid":"0000-0001-5428-7404","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":559650,"name":"Katrin Mende","orcid":null,"position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":696873,"name":"Milissa U. Jones","orcid":"0009-0009-1798-2753","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1307136,"name":"Ryan Flanagan","orcid":"0000-0003-3825-2927","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670634,"name":"Derek Larson","orcid":"0000-0002-6147-7182","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670633,"name":"Evan Ewers","orcid":"0000-0002-1384-9973","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":290869,"name":"David Saunders","orcid":"0000-0003-0946-1164","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404704,"name":"Ryan C. Maves","orcid":"0000-0001-6234-6160","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":690034,"name":"Carlos J Maldonado","orcid":null,"position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":860433,"name":"Margaret Edwards","orcid":"0000-0001-9803-509X","position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":392403,"name":"Robert J. O’Connell","orcid":"0000-0001-8901-1432","position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272091,"name":"Mark P. Simons","orcid":"0000-0002-4316-9709","position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":426929,"name":"David R. Tribble","orcid":"0000-0003-3077-9505","position":26,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404703,"name":"Brian K. Agan","orcid":"0000-0002-5114-1669","position":27,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103453,"name":"Timothy Burgess","orcid":"0000-0003-1247-8370","position":28,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":650258,"name":"Simon Pollett","orcid":"0000-0003-2643-4213","position":29,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1307544,"name":"A. G. O'Carroll","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":30,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:05:53.032464Z","pmid":"39494453","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}