{"doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofae147","title":"Low Level Viremia Is Associated With Serious non-AIDS Events in People With HIV","abstract":"Background: The consequences of low-level viremia in people with HIV are unclear. We used data from the US Military HIV Natural History Study to examine the association of low-level viremia (LLV) and serious non-AIDS events (SNAEs). Methods: Included participants initiated antiretroviral therapy after 1996 and had ≥3 viral loads (VLs) measured, using an assay with a lower limit of detection of <50 copies/mL, ≥6 months after antiretroviral therapy initiation. VLs were categorized as lower levels of LLV (51-199 copies/mL), higher level of low-level viremia (HLLV; 200-999 copies/mL), and (VF; ≥200 copies/mL on 2 or more successive determinations or a single VL ≥1000 copies/mL), and virologic suppression (VS; ie, VL <50 copies/mL). Viral blips (ie, VLs between 50 and 999 copies/mL that are preceded and succeeded by VL <50 copies/mL) were analyzed in the VS category. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the association of LLV and SNAEs, adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals are presented. Results: A total of 439 (17.4%) SNAEs were recorded among the 2528 participants (93% male, 40% Caucasian, 43% African American) followed for a median of 11 years. In 8.5% and 4.6% of the participants, respectively, LLV and HLLV were the highest recorded viremia strata. Compared with VS, SNAEs were associated with LLV (1.3 [1.2-1.4]), HLLV (1.6 [1.5-1.7]), and virologic failure (1.7 [1.7-1.8]). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that LLV is associated with the occurrence of SNAEs and needs further study.","journal":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","year":2024,"id":423683,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":23,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9471,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":967633,"name":"Hsing-Chuan Hsieh","orcid":"0000-0001-9374-5973","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":896997,"name":"Xiuping Chu","orcid":"0000-0003-2628-290X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514704,"name":"Rhonda E Colombo","orcid":"0000-0003-0154-1928","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670641,"name":"Catherine M Berjohn","orcid":"0000-0001-5655-8183","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":426930,"name":"Tahaniyat Lalani","orcid":"0000-0002-9361-2991","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1089709,"name":"Joseph Yabes","orcid":"0000-0002-8119-5510","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":901941,"name":"Christie A. Joya","orcid":"0000-0003-1087-138X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":449837,"name":"Jason M Blaylock","orcid":"0009-0007-4942-5826","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404703,"name":"Brian K. Agan","orcid":"0000-0002-5114-1669","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1219437,"name":"Anuradha Ganesan","orcid":"0009-0002-0770-8274","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":39,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:58:01.889748Z","pmid":"38628953","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}