{"doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofad493","title":"Risk of New-Onset Long COVID Following Reinfection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Community-Based Cohort Study","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Little is known about the risk of long COVID following reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We estimated the likelihood of new-onset, self-reported long COVID after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to a first infection.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included UK COVID-19 Infection Survey participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 November 2021 and 8 October 2022. The primary outcome was self-reported long COVID 12–20 weeks after each infection. Separate analyses were performed for those &amp;lt;16 years and ≥16 years. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for new-onset long COVID using logistic regression, comparing second to first infections, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and calendar date of infection, plus vaccination status in participants ≥16 years of age.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, long COVID was reported by those ≥16 years after 4.0% and 2.4% of first and second infections, respectively; the corresponding estimates among those aged &amp;lt;16 years were 1.0% and 0.6%. The aOR for long COVID after second compared to first infections was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], .63–.81) for those ≥16 years and 0.93 (95% CI, .57–1.53) for those &amp;lt;16 years.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The risk of new-onset long COVID after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection is lower than that after a first infection for persons aged ≥16 years, though there is no evidence of a difference in risk for those &amp;lt;16 years. However, there remains some risk of new-onset long COVID after a second infection, with around 1 in 40 of those aged ≥16 years and 1 in 165 of those &amp;lt;16 years reporting long COVID after a second infection.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","journal":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","year":2023,"id":668399,"datarank":1.594207005789952,"base_score":3.8918202981106265,"endowment":3.8918202981106265,"self_citation_contribution":0.5837730447165941,"citation_network_contribution":1.010433961073358,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5837730447165941,"citer_contribution":1.010433961073358,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":48,"citer_count":45,"citers_with_citation_signal":32,"citers_with_endowment":32,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1745423,"name":"Boran Shenhuy","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1058211,"name":"A Sarah Walker","orcid":"0000-0003-0421-9264","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":552829,"name":"Vahé Nafilyan","orcid":"0000-0003-0160-217X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":445045,"name":"Nisreen A Alwan","orcid":"0000-0002-4134-8463","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1745424,"name":"Margaret E O’Hara","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":705317,"name":"Daniel Ayoubkhani","orcid":"0000-0001-6352-0394","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1745422,"name":"Matthew L Bosworth","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Risk of New-Onset Long COVID Following Reinfection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Community-Based Cohort Study","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Little is known about the risk of long COVID following reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We estimated the likelihood of new-onset, self-reported long COVID after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to a first infection.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included UK COVID-19 Infection Survey participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 November 2021 and 8 October 2022. The primary outcome was self-reported long COVID 12–20 weeks after each infection. Separate analyses were performed for those &amp;lt;16 years and ≥16 years. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for new-onset long COVID using logistic regression, comparing second to first infections, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and calendar date of infection, plus vaccination status in participants ≥16 years of age.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, long COVID was reported by those ≥16 years after 4.0% and 2.4% of first and second infections, respectively; the corresponding estimates among those aged &amp;lt;16 years were 1.0% and 0.6%. The aOR for long COVID after second compared to first infections was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], .63–.81) for those ≥16 years and 0.93 (95% CI, .57–1.53) for those &amp;lt;16 years.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The risk of new-onset long COVID after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection is lower than that after a first infection for persons aged ≥16 years, though there is no evidence of a difference in risk for those &amp;lt;16 years. However, there remains some risk of new-onset long COVID after a second infection, with around 1 in 40 of those aged ≥16 years and 1 in 165 of those &amp;lt;16 years reporting long COVID after a second infection.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.8918202981106265,"endowment":3.8918202981106265,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"37953820","pmcid":"PMC10633780","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4387358156","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)","grant_id":"NIHR200239","title":null},{"funder_name":"Northern Ireland government","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"Welsh government","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"Scottish government","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":5,"fwci":7.5925,"citation_percentile":0.98147145,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2023,"count":3},{"year":2024,"count":13},{"year":2025,"count":25},{"year":2026,"count":7}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofad493/51887057/ofad493.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofad493/51887057/ofad493.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article-pdf/10/11/ofad493/53898907/ofad493.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad493","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37953820","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/482667/1/New_onset_long_COVID_after_reinfection_R1_clean_2_.docx","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10633780","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10633780/pdf/ofad493.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC10633780","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC10633780?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Medicine","Confidence interval","Odds ratio","Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","Logistic regression","Cohort","Internal medicine","Cohort study","Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","Coronavirus","Pediatrics","Disease","reinfection","Covid-19","Long Covid","Post-covid Condition"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-14T00:49:30.624474Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}