{"doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofac702","title":"Cumulative Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Viremia Is Associated With Increased Risk of Multimorbidity Among US Women With HIV, 1997–2019","abstract":"Abstract Background To evaluate the effect of cumulative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 viremia on aging-related multimorbidity among women with HIV (WWH), we analyzed data collected prospectively among women who achieved viral suppression after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation (1997–2019). Methods We included WWH with ≥2 plasma HIV-1 viral loads (VL) <200 copies/mL within a 2-year period (baseline) following self-reported ART use. Primary outcome was multimorbidity (≥2 nonacquired immune deficiency syndrome comorbidities [NACM] of 5 total assessed). The trapezoidal rule calculated viremia copy-years (VCY) as area-under-the-VL-curve. Cox proportional hazard models estimated the association of time-updated cumulative VCY with incident multimorbidity and with incidence of each NACM, adjusting for important covariates (eg, age, CD4 count, etc). Results Eight hundred six WWH contributed 6368 women-years, with median 12 (Q1–Q3, 7–23) VL per participant. At baseline, median age was 39 years, 56% were Black, and median CD4 was 534 cells/mm3. Median time-updated cumulative VCY was 5.4 (Q1–Q3, 4.7–6.9) log10 copy-years/mL. Of 211 (26%) WWH who developed multimorbidity, 162 (77%) had incident hypertension, 133 (63%) had dyslipidemia, 60 (28%) had diabetes, 52 (25%) had cardiovascular disease, and 32 (15%) had kidney disease. Compared with WWH who had time-updated cumulative VCY <5 log10, the adjusted hazard ratio of multimorbidity was 1.99 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29–3.08) and 3.78 (95% CI, 2.17–6.58) for those with VCY 5–6.9 and ≥7 log10 copy-years/mL, respectively (P < .0001). Higher time-updated cumulative VCY increased the risk of each NACM. Conclusions Among ART-treated WWH, greater cumulative viremia increased the risk of multimorbidity and of developing each NACM, and hence this may be a prognostically useful biomarker for NACM risk assessment in this population.","journal":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","year":2022,"id":261671,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5805,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":303362,"name":"C Christina Mehta","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415723,"name":"Tingyu Wang","orcid":"0000-0003-4542-3587","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240241,"name":"Frank J. Palella","orcid":"0000-0002-2277-6841","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":3885,"name":"Susanna Naggie","orcid":"0000-0001-7721-6975","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301949,"name":"Elizabeth T. Golub","orcid":"0000-0001-5860-4913","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":211067,"name":"Kathryn Anastos","orcid":"0000-0002-0769-6405","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301950,"name":"Audrey L. French","orcid":"0000-0002-9776-8934","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":69682,"name":"Seble Kassaye","orcid":"0000-0002-7527-7384","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301951,"name":"Tonya Taylor","orcid":"0000-0003-4609-202X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301952,"name":"Margaret A. Fischl","orcid":"0000-0001-9241-5390","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301953,"name":"Adaora A. Adimora","orcid":"0000-0001-5035-1552","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":441294,"name":"Mirjam-Colette Kempf","orcid":"0000-0003-3796-4906","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":150354,"name":"Phyllis C. Tien","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303364,"name":"Ighovwerha Ofotokun","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301948,"name":"Anandi N. Sheth","orcid":"0000-0002-6305-2727","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301947,"name":"Lauren F. Collins","orcid":"0000-0002-0170-5454","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":858479,"name":"Zoey P Morton","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":60,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:26:16.663144Z","pmid":"36751648","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}