{"doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofab530","title":"High Mortality During the Second Wave of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Uganda: Experience From a National Referral COVID-19 Treatment Unit","abstract":"Abstract Background We evaluated clinical outcomes of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the second wave of the pandemic in a national COVID-19 treatment unit (CTU) in Uganda. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients hospitalized at the Mulago National Referral Hospital CTU between May 1 and July 11, 2021. We performed Kaplan-Meier analysis to evaluate all-cause in-hospital mortality. Results Of the 477 participants, 247 (52%) were female, 15 (3%) had received at least 1 dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, and 223 (46%) had at least 1 comorbidity. The median age was 52 (interquartile range, 41–65) years. More than 80% of the patients presented with severe (19%, n=91) or critical (66%, n=315) COVID-19 illness. Overall, 174 (37%) patients died. Predictors of all-cause in-hospital mortality were as follows; age ≥50 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–3.2; P=.011), oxygen saturation at admission of ≥92% (aOR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.91–0.95; P<.001), and admission pulse rate of ≥100 beats per minute (aOR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00–1.02; P=.042). The risk of death was 1.4-fold higher in female participants compared with their male counterparts (hazards ratio, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0–2.0; P=.025). Conclusions In this cohort, where the majority of the patients presented with severe or critical illness, more than one third of the patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at a national CTU died of the illness.","journal":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","year":2021,"id":168900,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":30,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7765,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":699018,"name":"Brian Fleischer","orcid":"0000-0002-1262-6882","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":546622,"name":"Ronald Olum","orcid":"0000-0003-1289-0111","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":699019,"name":"Barbra Natukunda","orcid":"0000-0002-4006-0580","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":495162,"name":"Sarah Kiguli","orcid":"0000-0002-8764-4161","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":361586,"name":"Pauline Byakika‐Kibwika","orcid":"0000-0003-0757-1968","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":363345,"name":"Joseph Baruch Baluku","orcid":"0000-0002-5852-9674","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":699020,"name":"Frederick Nelson Nakwagala","orcid":"0000-0001-9294-4604","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":546620,"name":"Felix Bongomin","orcid":"0000-0003-4515-8517","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":29,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:46:11.334362Z","pmid":"34805440","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}