{"doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofab397","title":"Short-term Mortality Outcomes of HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis in Antiretroviral Therapy–Naïve and –Experienced Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa","abstract":"Abstract Background An increasing proportion of patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis have received antiretroviral therapy (ART) before presentation. There is some evidence suggesting an increased 2-week mortality in those receiving ART for <14 days compared with those on ART for >14 days. However, presentation and outcomes for cryptococcal meningitis patients who have recently initiated ART, and those with virologic failure and/or nonadherence, are not well described. Methods Six hundred seventy-eight adults with a first episode of cryptococcal meningitis recruited into a randomized, noninferiority, multicenter phase 3 trial in 4 Sub-Saharan countries were analyzed to compare clinical presentation and 2- and 10-week mortality outcomes between ART-naïve and -experienced patients and between patients receiving ART for varying durations before presentation. Results Over half (56%; 381/678) the study participants diagnosed with a first episode of cryptococcal meningitis were ART-experienced. All-cause mortality was similar at 2 weeks (17% vs 20%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.6–1.2; P = .35) and 10 weeks (38% vs 36%; HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.8–1.32; P = .82) for ART-experienced and ART-naïve patients. Among ART-experienced patients, using different cutoff points for ART duration, there were no significant differences in 2- and 10-week mortality based on duration of ART. Conclusions In this study, there were no significant differences in mortality at 2 and 10 weeks between ART-naïve and -experienced patients and between ART-experienced patients according to duration on ART.","journal":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","year":2021,"id":182831,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":14,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9548,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":735381,"name":"Jayne Ellis","orcid":"0000-0002-7009-9144","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":596277,"name":"Cecilia Kanyama","orcid":"0000-0002-8251-9169","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":735806,"name":"Charles Kuoanfank","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":735382,"name":"Elvis Temfack","orcid":"0000-0001-8189-6555","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":439737,"name":"Sayoki Mfinanga","orcid":"0000-0001-9067-2684","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":735807,"name":"Sokoine Lesikari","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":716642,"name":"Duncan Chanda","orcid":"0000-0001-5477-9054","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292864,"name":"Shabir Lakhi","orcid":"0000-0001-5348-7156","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":735383,"name":"Tinashe K. Nyazika","orcid":"0000-0003-0367-4265","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":735384,"name":"Adrienne K Chan","orcid":"0000-0002-3185-192X","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":728660,"name":"Joep J. van Oosterhout","orcid":"0000-0002-3441-0804","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":735385,"name":"Tao Chen","orcid":"0000-0003-3758-4743","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312050,"name":"Mina C. Hosseinipour","orcid":"0000-0003-2174-313X","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":410999,"name":"Olivier Lortholary","orcid":"0000-0002-8325-8060","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":315427,"name":"Duolao Wang","orcid":"0000-0003-2788-2464","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":735386,"name":"Shabbar Jaffar","orcid":"0000-0002-9615-1588","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":495636,"name":"Angela Loyse","orcid":"0000-0001-7853-1344","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":490268,"name":"Robert S. Heyderman","orcid":"0000-0003-4573-449X","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":410998,"name":"Thomas S. Harrison","orcid":"0000-0003-3619-4348","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":410997,"name":"Síle F. Molloy","orcid":"0000-0001-8847-2325","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":735380,"name":"Newton Kalata","orcid":"0000-0003-1715-8093","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":16,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:48:13.605421Z","pmid":"34646905","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}