{"doi":"10.1093/noajnl/vdaf237","title":"Seizure outcomes as an understudied metric in glioma clinical trials: A review of the ClinicalTrials.gov database","abstract":"Abstract Abstract BackgroundSeizures are a common and disabling symptom of adult-type diffuse gliomas, affecting quality of life and potentially influencing tumor progression. Despite their clinical significance, seizure outcomes are often underreported or heterogeneously measured in clinical trials. Objective To assess how seizure outcomes are reported in clinical trials for adult-type diffuse glioma. Methods We systematically reviewed glioma clinical trials initiated after January 1, 2010, through June 16, 2025, on ClinicalTrials.gov that included seizure-related outcomes. Each trial was manually screened to characterize how seizures were defined, measured, and categorized. Results Of 2,801 clinical trials identified, 65 (2.3%) included seizure-related outcomes. Among these, 20 designated seizures as a primary outcome, though many grouped them within broader safety endpoints. Seizures were often listed as secondary outcomes (n = 23), adverse events (n = 11), or within quality-of-life assessments (n = 8). Reporting was highly variable; many trials used binary metrics. As few as 9 trials systematically assessed seizures using International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) guidelines for seizure tracking (eg seizure diaries or structured EEG evaluation), and only 7 reported outcomes with standardized scales such as the ILAE outcome classification or the Engel classification, with rare use of newer tools such as the Seizure Control Composite Index. Conclusions Despite their clinical significance, seizure outcomes are rarely and heterogeneously reported in clinical trials for adult-type diffuse gliomas. Incorporating standardized, seizure-specific endpoints may better align glioma research with patient-centered and disease-specific outcomes.","journal":"Neuro-Oncology Advances","year":2025,"id":581012,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9481,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":331923,"name":"Nathan A. Shlobin","orcid":"0000-0003-2079-6125","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":346641,"name":"Arjun R. Adapa","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":584524,"name":"Sandra Leskinen","orcid":"0000-0001-8633-7859","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107943,"name":"Peter Canoll","orcid":"0000-0002-7001-0226","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240429,"name":"Catherine A. Schevon","orcid":"0000-0002-4485-7933","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":49954,"name":"Guy M. McKhann","orcid":"0000-0002-9695-3564","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":808886,"name":"Brian Gill","orcid":"0000-0001-5584-6714","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1492048,"name":"Hannah Haile","orcid":"0009-0006-3974-4367","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":50,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:58:43.046112Z","pmid":"41613045","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}