{"doi":"10.1093/nar/gkad569","title":"The structure and mechanism of action of a distinct class of dicistrovirus intergenic region IRESs","abstract":"Internal ribosomal entry sites (IRESs) engage with the eukaryotic translation apparatus to promote end-independent initiation. We identified a conserved class of ∼150 nt long intergenic region (IGR) IRESs in dicistrovirus genomes derived from members of the phyla Arthropoda, Bryozoa, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Entoprocta, Mollusca and Porifera. These IRESs, exemplified by Wenling picorna-like virus 2, resemble the canonical cricket paralysis virus (CrPV) IGR IRES in comprising two nested pseudoknots (PKII/PKIII) and a 3'-terminal pseudoknot (PKI) that mimics a tRNA anticodon stem-loop base-paired to mRNA. However, they are ∼50 nt shorter than CrPV-like IRESs, and PKIII is an H-type pseudoknot that lacks the SLIV and SLV stem-loops that are primarily responsible for the affinity of CrPV-like IRESs for the 40S ribosomal subunit and that restrict initial binding of PKI to its aminoacyl (A) site. Wenling-class IRESs bound strongly to 80S ribosomes but only weakly to 40S subunits. Whereas CrPV-like IRESs must be translocated from the A site to the peptidyl (P) site by elongation factor 2 for elongation to commence, Wenling-class IRESs bound directly to the P site of 80S ribosomes, and decoding begins without a prior translocation step. A chimeric CrPV clone containing a Wenling-class IRES was infectious, confirming that the IRES functioned in cells.","journal":"Nucleic Acids Research","year":2023,"id":342945,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":14,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9618,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1080006,"name":"Christina Young","orcid":"0009-0001-5959-2085","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":122856,"name":"Reid Warsaba","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1080456,"name":"Nadiyah Khan","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1080457,"name":"Lan Vy Tran","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":122861,"name":"Eric Jan","orcid":"0000-0003-0523-8467","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":509502,"name":"Tatyana V. Pestova","orcid":"0000-0003-3543-256X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":509503,"name":"Christopher U.T. Hellen","orcid":"0000-0002-3982-2090","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":509498,"name":"Irina S. Abaeva","orcid":"0000-0003-4446-5128","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":84,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:11:17.288563Z","pmid":"37427788","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}