{"doi":"10.1093/molbev/msaa175","title":"Battle of the Sex Chromosomes: Competition between X and Y Chromosome-Encoded Proteins for Partner Interaction and Chromatin Occupancy Drives Multicopy Gene Expression and Evolution in Muroid Rodents","abstract":"Transmission distorters (TDs) are genetic elements that favor their own transmission to the detriments of others. Slx/Slxl1 (Sycp3-like-X-linked and Slx-like1) and Sly (Sycp3-like-Y-linked) are TDs, which have been coamplified on the X and Y chromosomes of Mus species. They are involved in an intragenomic conflict in which each favors its own transmission, resulting in sex ratio distortion of the progeny when Slx/Slxl1 versus Sly copy number is unbalanced. They are specifically expressed in male postmeiotic gametes (spermatids) and have opposite effects on gene expression: Sly knockdown leads to the upregulation of hundreds of spermatid-expressed genes, whereas Slx/Slxl1-deficiency downregulates them. When both Slx/Slxl1 and Sly are knocked down, sex ratio distortion and gene deregulation are corrected. Slx/Slxl1 and Sly are, therefore, in competition but the molecular mechanism remains unknown. By comparing their chromatin-binding profiles and protein partners, we show that SLX/SLXL1 and SLY proteins compete for interaction with H3K4me3-reader SSTY1 (Spermiogenesis-specific-transcript-on-the-Y1) at the promoter of thousands of genes to drive their expression, and that the opposite effect they have on gene expression is mediated by different abilities to recruit SMRT/N-Cor transcriptional complex. Their target genes are predominantly spermatid-specific multicopy genes encoded by the sex chromosomes and the autosomal Speer/Takusan. Many of them have coamplified with not only Slx/Slxl1/Sly but also Ssty during muroid rodent evolution. Overall, we identify Ssty as a key element of the X versus Y intragenomic conflict, which may have influenced gene content and hybrid sterility beyond Mus lineage since Ssty amplification on the Y predated that of Slx/Slxl1/Sly.","journal":"Molecular Biology and Evolution","year":2020,"id":61921,"datarank":0.6010999777848708,"base_score":4.007333185232471,"endowment":4.007333185232471,"self_citation_contribution":0.6010999777848708,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6010999777848708,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":54,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9507,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":327064,"name":"M. Andrés Blanco","orcid":"0000-0001-5057-4334","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327065,"name":"Côme Ialy‐Radio","orcid":"0009-0003-5260-5343","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327912,"name":"Maria‐Elisabetta Serrentino","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327066,"name":"Clara Gobé","orcid":"0000-0001-5242-7426","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":59204,"name":"Robin C. Friedman","orcid":"0000-0003-2097-8332","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327067,"name":"Christophe Battail","orcid":"0000-0001-6849-7824","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327068,"name":"Marjorie Leduc","orcid":"0000-0002-4049-3976","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327069,"name":"Monika A. Ward","orcid":"0000-0002-2483-5622","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327070,"name":"Daniel Vaiman","orcid":"0000-0002-1915-0717","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327913,"name":"Frédéric Torès","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327071,"name":"Julie Cocquet","orcid":"0000-0002-6275-5412","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327911,"name":"C. Moretti","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":65,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:09:47.114172Z","pmid":"32658962","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}