{"doi":"10.1093/milmed/usz334","title":"Measuring Blunt Force Head Impacts in Athletes","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Although concussion continues to be a major source of acute and chronic injuries, concussion injury mechanisms and risk functions are ill-defined. This lack of definition has hindered efforts to develop standardized concussion monitoring, safety testing, and protective countermeasures. To overcome this knowledge gap, we have developed, tested, and deployed a head impact monitoring mouthguard (IMM) system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The IMM system was first calibrated in 731 laboratory tests. Versus reference, Laboratory IMM data fit a linear model, with results close to the ideal linear model of form y = x + 0, R2 = 1. Next, during on-field play involving n = 54 amateur American athletes in football and boxing, there were tens of thousands of events collected by the IMM. A total of 890 true-positive head impacts were confirmed using a combination of signal processing and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke/National Institutes of Health Common Data Elements methods. RESULTS: The median and 99th percentile of peak scalar linear acceleration and peak angular acceleration were 20 and 50 g and 1,700 and 4,600 rad/s2, respectively. No athletes were diagnosed with concussion. CONCLUSIONS: While these data are useful for preliminary human tolerance limits, a larger population must be used to quantify real-world dose response as a function of impact magnitude, direction, location, and accumulation. This work is ongoing.","journal":"Military Medicine","year":2020,"id":80064,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.944,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":416864,"name":"Rajiv Dama","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415584,"name":"Jay L. Alberts","orcid":"0000-0002-9379-3630","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":416865,"name":"Sergey Samorezov","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":416866,"name":"Edward Benzel","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415585,"name":"Vincent Mièle","orcid":"0000-0001-7584-0088","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415586,"name":"Alok Shah","orcid":"0000-0001-5708-3546","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415587,"name":"John Humm","orcid":"0000-0002-6888-8988","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":297400,"name":"Michael McCrea","orcid":"0000-0001-9791-9475","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415588,"name":"Brian D. Stemper","orcid":"0000-0002-4986-8527","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415583,"name":"Adam Bartsch","orcid":"0000-0001-7913-0067","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":18,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:51:24.704381Z","pmid":"32074346","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}