{"doi":"10.1093/jncics/pkae095","title":"Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use and progression of monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance to multiple myeloma among patients with diabetes","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In patients with diabetes and monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS), the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists on the natural history of MGUS is unknown. We aimed to assess the association of GLP-1 receptor agonist use in the progression of MGUS to multiple myeloma in patients with diabetes. METHODS: This is a population-based cohort study of veterans diagnosed with MGUS from 2006 to 2021 with a prior diagnosis of diabetes. A validated natural language processing algorithm was used to confirm MGUS and progression to multiple myeloma. We performed 1:2 matching for individuals with and without GLP-1 receptor agonist exposure. The Gray test was performed to detect the difference in cumulative incidence functions for progression by GLP-1 receptor agonist use status. The association between time-varying GLP-1 receptor agonist use and progression was estimated through multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio using a stratified Fine-Gray distribution hazard model, with death as a competing event and stratum for the matched patient triad. RESULTS: Our matched cohort included 1097 individuals with MGUS who had ever used GLP-1 receptor agonists and the matched 2194 patients who had never used GLP-1 receptor agonists. Overall, 2.6% of individuals progressed in the GLP-1 receptor agonist ever use group compared with 5.0% in the GLP-1 receptor agonist never use group. Cumulative incidence functions were statistically significantly different between the exposed and unexposed groups (P = .02). GLP-1 receptor agonist use vs no use was associated with decreased progression to multiple myeloma (hazard ratio = 0.45, 95% confidence interval = 0.22 to 0.93, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS: For patients with diabetes and MGUS, GLP-1 receptor agonist use is associated with a 55% reduction in risk of progression from MGUS to multiple myeloma compared with no use.","journal":"JNCI Cancer Spectrum","year":2024,"id":441448,"datarank":0.3453877639491069,"base_score":2.302585092994046,"endowment":2.302585092994046,"self_citation_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9685,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":612703,"name":"Lawrence Liu","orcid":"0000-0001-8559-7739","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":503366,"name":"Mei Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-3560-9460","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":919026,"name":"Theodore Thomas","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":334404,"name":"Martin W. Schoen","orcid":"0000-0001-6388-5553","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":334408,"name":"Kristen M. Sanfilippo","orcid":"0000-0002-0433-7845","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2217,"name":"Feng Gao","orcid":"0000-0002-1425-1623","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":84391,"name":"Graham A. Colditz","orcid":"0000-0002-7307-0291","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":334405,"name":"Kenneth R. Carson","orcid":"0000-0001-7471-9542","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364549,"name":"Murali Janakiram","orcid":"0000-0001-9323-8007","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":401484,"name":"Su‐Hsin Chang","orcid":"0000-0001-5872-9556","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1187419,"name":"Nikhil Grandhi","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":59,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:01:06.281460Z","pmid":"39514091","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}