{"doi":"10.1093/jnci/djad043","title":"Genome-wide analyses characterize shared heritability among cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility regions","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The shared inherited genetic contribution to risk of different cancers is not fully known. In this study, we leverage results from 12 cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to quantify pairwise genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility loci. METHODS: We collected GWAS summary statistics for 12 solid cancers based on 376 759 participants with cancer and 532 864 participants without cancer of European ancestry. The included cancer types were breast, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, glioma, head and neck, lung, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and renal cancers. We conducted cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies to discover novel cancer susceptibility loci. Finally, we assessed the extent of variant-specific pleiotropy among cancers at known and newly identified cancer susceptibility loci. RESULTS: We observed widespread but modest genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers. In cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies, we identified 15 novel cancer susceptibility loci. Additionally, we identified multiple variants at 77 distinct loci with strong evidence of being associated with at least 2 cancer types by testing for pleiotropy at known cancer susceptibility loci. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these results suggest that some genetic risk variants are shared among cancers, though much of cancer heritability is cancer-specific and thus tissue-specific. The increase in statistical power associated with larger sample sizes in cross-disease analysis allows for the identification of novel susceptibility regions. Future studies incorporating data on multiple cancer types are likely to identify additional regions associated with the risk of multiple cancer types.","journal":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","year":2023,"id":324581,"datarank":0.8041529337553535,"base_score":3.5263605246161616,"endowment":3.5263605246161616,"self_citation_contribution":0.5289540786924243,"citation_network_contribution":0.2751988550629292,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5289540786924243,"citer_contribution":0.2751988550629292,"corpus_percentile":74.99806606327842,"corpus_rank":3233,"citation_count":33,"citer_count":26,"citers_with_citation_signal":13,"citers_with_endowment":13,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.6159,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":4.1667,"fair_percentile":4.891470498318557,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":320218,"name":"Lu Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-6515-1075","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":457396,"name":"Helian Feng","orcid":"0000-0002-6296-1902","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":311856,"name":"Arunabha Majumdar","orcid":"0000-0002-5609-075X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1040773,"name":"Sijia Huo","orcid":"0009-0004-2428-2329","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":419808,"name":"James W. MacDonald","orcid":"0000-0002-7328-7626","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218619,"name":"Tabitha A. Harrison","orcid":"0000-0002-4173-7530","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":14671,"name":"Constance Turman","orcid":"0000-0002-7790-8311","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":535058,"name":"Hongjie Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-6438-108X","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":702,"name":"Nicholas Mancuso","orcid":"0000-0002-9352-5927","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321863,"name":"Theo K. Bammler","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":608335,"name":"Steve Gallinger","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218614,"name":"Stephen B. Gruber","orcid":"0000-0001-8656-7822","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":39449,"name":"Marc J. Gunter","orcid":"0000-0001-5472-6761","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":728,"name":"Loı̈c Le Marchand","orcid":"0000-0001-5013-980X","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":64883,"name":"Vı́ctor Moreno","orcid":"0000-0002-2818-5487","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":108795,"name":"Kenneth Offit","orcid":"0000-0002-2180-2032","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55318,"name":"Immaculata De Vivo","orcid":"0000-0002-7185-7402","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55345,"name":"Tracy A. O’Mara","orcid":"0000-0002-5436-3232","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55382,"name":"Amanda B. Spurdle","orcid":"0000-0003-1337-7897","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":41873,"name":"Ian Tomlinson","orcid":"0000-0003-3037-1470","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":13457,"name":"Rebecca C. Fitzgerald","orcid":"0000-0002-3434-3568","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231298,"name":"Puya Gharahkhani","orcid":"0000-0002-4203-5952","position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":422054,"name":"Ines Gockel","orcid":"0000-0001-7423-713X","position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":95143,"name":"Janusz Jankowski","orcid":"0000-0003-2130-9181","position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":49227,"name":"Stuart MacGregor","orcid":"0000-0001-6731-8142","position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":54800,"name":"Johannes Schumacher","orcid":"0000-0001-9217-6457","position":26,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":14321,"name":"Jill S. Barnholtz‐Sloan","orcid":"0000-0001-6190-9304","position":27,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":249443,"name":"Melissa L. Bondy","orcid":"0000-0002-0278-414X","position":28,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254457,"name":"Richard S. Houlston","orcid":"0000-0002-5268-0242","position":29,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226434,"name":"Robert B. Jenkins","orcid":"0000-0002-4049-694X","position":30,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264803,"name":"Beatrice Melin","orcid":"0000-0002-9982-3757","position":31,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264805,"name":"Margaret Wrensch","orcid":"0000-0002-3070-7600","position":32,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":13291,"name":"Paul Brennan","orcid":"0000-0002-0518-8714","position":33,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":251842,"name":"David C. Christiani","orcid":"0000-0002-0301-0242","position":34,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":38786,"name":"Mattias Johansson","orcid":"0000-0002-3116-5081","position":35,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":265688,"name":"James McKay","orcid":null,"position":36,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":251836,"name":"Melinda C. Aldrich","orcid":"0000-0003-3833-8448","position":37,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":5679,"name":"Christopher I. Amos","orcid":"0000-0002-8540-7023","position":38,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240362,"name":"Maria Teresa Landi","orcid":"0000-0003-4507-329X","position":39,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":251849,"name":"Adonina Tardón","orcid":"0000-0001-5150-1209","position":40,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218608,"name":"D. Timothy Bishop","orcid":"0000-0002-8752-8785","position":41,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":260580,"name":"Florence Démenais","orcid":"0000-0001-8361-0936","position":42,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240370,"name":"Alisa M. Goldstein","orcid":"0000-0002-7538-3582","position":43,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":30757,"name":"Mark M. Iles","orcid":"0000-0002-2603-6509","position":44,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264813,"name":"Peter A. Kanetsky","orcid":"0000-0002-5567-9618","position":45,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231303,"name":"Matthew H. Law","orcid":"0000-0002-4303-8821","position":46,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264809,"name":"Laufey T. Ámundadóttir","orcid":"0000-0003-1859-8971","position":47,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":302477,"name":"Rachael Z. Stolzenberg‐Solomon","orcid":"0000-0003-3698-7006","position":48,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":56410,"name":"Brian M. Wolpin","orcid":"0000-0002-0455-1032","position":49,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109497,"name":"Alison P. Klein","orcid":"0000-0003-2737-8399","position":50,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":13916,"name":"Gloria M. Petersen","orcid":"0000-0003-3424-7039","position":51,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":6547,"name":"Harvey A. Risch","orcid":"0000-0001-5337-3941","position":52,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":6431,"name":"Stephen J. Chanock","orcid":"0000-0002-2324-3393","position":53,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241831,"name":"Mark P. Purdue","orcid":"0000-0003-1177-3108","position":54,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":14437,"name":"Ghislaine Scélo","orcid":"0000-0002-2692-8507","position":55,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":33596,"name":"Paul D.P. Pharoah","orcid":"0000-0001-8494-732X","position":56,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":249315,"name":"Siddhartha Kar","orcid":"0000-0002-2314-1426","position":57,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":816784,"name":"Rayjean J Hung","orcid":null,"position":58,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":731,"name":"Bogdan Paşaniuc","orcid":"0000-0002-0227-2056","position":59,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264806,"name":"Peter Kraft","orcid":"0000-0002-4472-8103","position":60,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304426,"name":"Sara Lindström","orcid":"0000-0002-7137-7281","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:08:11.275604Z","pmid":"36929942","pmcid":"PMC10248849","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":11.1111,"fair_a":6.25,"fair_i":20.0,"fair_r":16.6667,"fair_zscore":-1.1986,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":4.17,"has_llm":true,"taxonomy_version":"fair_taxonomy_v5","dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":11.11,"criteria":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":null,"anchors":["RDA-F1-01D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a persistent identifier' (priorit","RDA-F1-02D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a globally unique identifier'","FsF-F1-02D — F-UJI/FAIRsFAIR: 'Data is assigned a persistent identifier'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_repository_named","label":"Named repository","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":null,"anchors":["RDA-F4-01M — FAIR Data Maturity Model: metadata is offered so it can be harvested and indexed (","NIH DMS Policy Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — name the repository where data will be archived","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Long-Term Sustainability', 'Reten"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","label":"Data-availability statement","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"This study uses GWAS summary statistics from multiple cancer GWAS. For more detailed information about data access, please email the authors.","grounded":true,"rationale":"majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)","anchors":["Colavizza, Hrynaszkiewicz, Staden, Whitaker & McGillivray (2020), 'The citation advantage of li","Springer Nature research data policy — Data Availability Statements: standard statement templat","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)","anchors":["RDA-F2-01M — 'Rich metadata is provided to allow discovery' (priority Essential)","FsF-F2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes descriptive core elements to support data findability'","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","label":"Dataset formally cited","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":null,"anchors":["FORCE11 Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (2014) — data should be cited as a first-","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes","FsF-F3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes the identifier of the data it describes'"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]},"A":{"name":"Accessible","score":6.25,"criteria":[{"key":"a_data_openly_accessible","label":"Access route free of preconditions","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"For more detailed information about data access, please email the authors.","grounded":true,"rationale":null,"anchors":["RDA-A1.1-01D — 'Data is accessible through a free access protocol'","FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Free and Easy Access'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","label":"Access level labelled","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)","anchors":["FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","RDA-A1-01M — metadata contains information to enable the user to get access to the data","COAR Controlled Vocabularies — Access Rights v1.0 (open / embargoed / restricted / metadata-onl"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"For more detailed information about data access, please email the authors.","grounded":true,"rationale":null,"anchors":["NIH Genomic Data Sharing Policy (NOT-OD-14-124) — controlled-access via a Data Access Committee","RDA-A1.2-01D — 'Data is accessible through an access protocol that supports authentication and ","NIH DMS Policy Element 5 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Access, Distribution, or Reuse Considerations (conse"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","label":"Availability timing & retention","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":null,"anchors":["NIH DMS Plan Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Data Preservation, Access, and Associated Timelines","NSTC Desirable Characteristics (2022), Organizational Infrastructure: 'Retention Policy'","RDA-A2-01M — 'Metadata is guaranteed to remain available after data is no longer available'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"I":{"name":"Interoperable","score":20.0,"criteria":[{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","label":"Open file format","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":null,"anchors":["FsF-R1.3-02D — F-UJI: 'Data is available in a file format recommended by the target research co","RDA-R1.3-02D — data is expressed in a machine-understandable community standard","RDA-I1-01D — data uses a knowledge representation expressed in a standardised format"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":null,"anchors":["RDA-R1.3-01M — 'Metadata complies with a community standard' (priority Essential)","RDA-R1.3-01D — 'Data complies with a community standard'","RDA-I2-01M — '(Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"i_qualified_references","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"For the other cancer GWAS, data can be accessed through dbGaP: colorectal cancer (accession numbers: phs001415.v1.p1, phs001078.v1.p1 and phs001856.v1.p1)","grounded":true,"rationale":null,"anchors":["RDA-I3-01M — '(meta)data include references to other (meta)data'","RDA-I3-03M — 'metadata includes qualified references to other metadata'","FsF-I3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes links between the data and its related entities'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":16.67,"criteria":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","label":"Reuse licence","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":null,"anchors":["RDA-R1.1-01M — 'Metadata includes information about the licence under which the data can be reu","RDA-R1.1-02M — 'Metadata refers to a standard reuse licence'","RDA-R1.1-03M — 'Metadata refers to a machine-understandable reuse licence'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","label":"Provenance of the data","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"We conducted 4 sets of cross-cancer GWAS meta-analysis: 1) fixed effects, 2) random effects, 3) 1-sided subset Association analysis based on subsets (ASSET) (23), and 4) 2-sided subset (ASSET) (23) meta-analysis.","grounded":false,"rationale":"downgraded to 'partial' — no verifiable quote from the paper [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.2-01M — 'Metadata includes provenance information according to community- specific standa","FsF-R1.2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes provenance information about data creation or generati","W3C PROV-O (W3C Recommendation, 2013) — the entity/activity/agent model of provenance"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","label":"Documentation / codebook","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)","anchors":["RDA-R1-01M — '(Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attribu","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'","NIH DMS Policy Element 3 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Standards (documentation and metadata to accompany t"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_versioning","label":"Snapshot identified","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":null,"anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — the 'Version' property","RDA-R1.2-01M — provenance information (which version was used is provenance)","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Provenance', 'Retention Policy'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_code_availability","label":"Analysis code available","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":null,"anchors":["NIH DMS Policy Element 2 (NOT-OD-21-014) — 'Related Tools, Software and/or Code'","FAIR4RS Principles v1.0 (Chue Hong et al., 2022; RDA/FORCE11/ReSA) — FAIR Principles for Resear","FORCE11 Software Citation Principles (Smith, Katz & Niemeyer, 2016, PeerJ CS 2:e86)"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_funding_attribution","label":"Funder and award number","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"This work was supported by CA194393.","grounded":true,"rationale":null,"anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — 'FundingReference' property (funderName, funderIdentifier, award","Crossref Funder Registry — canonical funder identifiers for funding metadata","RDA-F2-01M — rich metadata provided to allow discovery (funding is part of the descriptive reco"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]}},"actions":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","dimension":"F","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","action":"Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":null,"gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"f_repository_named","dimension":"F","label":"Named repository","action":"Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":null,"gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"a_data_openly_accessible","dimension":"A","label":"Access route free of preconditions","action":"Remove the precondition or justify it. Release the data at publication with no embargo, no registration wall, and no approval step — NIH's zero-embargo public- access rule (NOT-OD-25-101) has already made 'available at publication' the federal baseline for the article; the data should not lag behind it. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"For more detailed information about data access, please email the authors.","why":null,"gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"r_reuse_license","dimension":"R","label":"Reuse licence","action":"Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":null,"gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","dimension":"F","label":"Dataset formally cited","action":"Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit. Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":null,"gain":8.33,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","dimension":"I","label":"Open file format","action":"Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":null,"gain":8.33,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"x_code_availability","dimension":"R","label":"Analysis code available","action":"Publish the analysis code in a public forge, archive a tagged release with a DOI (Zenodo/Software Heritage), and cite that DOI in the paper. NIH DMS Element 2 asks for the tools and code, not only the data — and 'available on request' is not a locator. Archive the analysis code in a versioned repository (GitHub + a Zenodo release DOI).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":null,"gain":8.33,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"r_versioning","dimension":"R","label":"Snapshot identified","action":"Version the deposit and cite the exact version analysed (a version-specific DOI, or an accession with its version suffix). A reader reproducing your work against 'the current release' is reproducing it against a different dataset.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":null,"gain":4.17,"priority":"useful","scored":true},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","dimension":"F","label":"Data-availability statement","action":"Replace the statement with the repository template: name the repository and give the accession or DOI (Colavizza category 3). This is the only DAS class associated with a measured citation advantage; 'available on reasonable request' and 'within the article' are not.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"This study uses GWAS summary statistics from multiple cancer GWAS. For more detailed information about data access, please email the authors.","why":"majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","dimension":"F","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","action":"Add a 'Data Records' section: itemise every file in the deposit and every variable or sample it holds, with counts and units. Describe the dataset as an object in its own right, not as a by-product of the findings — this is what makes it discoverable to someone who is not looking for your paper.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","dimension":"A","label":"Access level labelled","action":"State the access level in words, using the standard vocabulary: 'These data are open access' / 'These data are controlled access'. A reader — and a harvester — should not have to infer the access level from the presence of a download link.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","dimension":"I","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","action":"Adopt and NAME your domain's data standard — the minimum-information checklist, metadata schema, or ontology your community uses (MIAME/MINSEQE, ISA-Tab, BIDS, an OBO ontology, HL7 FHIR/OMOP) — and say which one you followed. A reporting checklist standardises your paper; it does nothing for your data. In clinical / human-subjects, describe the data with OMOP CDM, CDISC SDTM or HL7 FHIR.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":null,"gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","dimension":"R","label":"Provenance of the data","action":"Name the instruments, kits, and software — with versions — that produced the data, not just the verbs. 'Reads were aligned' is not provenance; 'aligned with STAR v2.7.9a to GRCh38' is, because someone else can rerun it.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"We conducted 4 sets of cross-cancer GWAS meta-analysis: 1) fixed effects, 2) random effects, 3) 1-sided subset Association analysis based on subsets (ASSET) (23), and 4) 2-sided subset (ASSET) (23) meta-analysis.","why":"downgraded to 'partial' — no verifiable quote from the paper [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","dimension":"R","label":"Documentation / codebook","action":"Ship a README and a data dictionary IN the deposit — every file, every variable, its units, its allowed values, its missing-value codes. It is the cheapest single thing that makes a dataset usable by someone who was not in the lab, and a table buried in the article does not travel with the data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","dimension":"A","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","action":"Route sensitive data through an institutional gatekeeper — deposit in a controlled- access repository (dbGaP, EGA) with a Data Access Committee and a published DUA — rather than through the corresponding author's inbox. An author-gated dataset dies with the author's email address, and 'on reasonable request' has been shown repeatedly not to yield data. For sensitive/human clinical / human-subjects data, use a controlled-access repository such as dbGaP or EGA.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"For more detailed information about data access, please email the authors.","why":null,"gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","dimension":"A","label":"Availability timing & retention","action":"State when the data become available AND how long they will be retained — cite the repository's preservation policy. NIH DMS Element 4 asks for both; most papers give neither.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":null,"gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false}],"suggestions":["Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","Remove the precondition or justify it. Release the data at publication with no embargo, no registration wall, and no approval step — NIH's zero-embargo public- access rule (NOT-OD-25-101) has already made 'available at publication' the federal baseline for the article; the data should not lag behind it. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit. Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T11:32:00.116451Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}