{"doi":"10.1093/jamiaopen/ooaf069","title":"Utilizing Immuno-Oncology registry data for enhanced non-small cell lung cancer treatment predictions","abstract":"Objectives: We aim to leverage more comprehensive phenotypic and genotypic clinical data to enhance the treatment response predictions. Materials and Methods: The study cohort includes 213 NSCLC patients who underwent ICI therapy. Patients were categorized based on treatment outcomes: those with complete or partial responses were considered responders, while those exhibiting stable or progressive disease were deemed non-responders. Comprehensive phenotypic and genomic features were selected for prediction. We developed 9 machine learning models. The model demonstrating the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) performance was further analyzed using Shapley additive explanation values to interpret the predictive factors. Results: There were 72 patients who responded to the treatment, while 141 patients were considered non-responders. In total, 57 features were included, encompassing demographics, tumor status, treatment information, pre-treatment information, serum CBC, serum chemistry, and vital signs. The KNN model excelled among the models, achieving an AUROC score of 0.862 and outperforming the conventional PD-L1 biomarker's AUROC of 0.619. The top features influencing ICI treatment response include the ECOG performance status of 0, lower red cell distribution width, higher mean platelet volume, etc. Discussion: The significance of functional status, inflammatory biomarkers, and PD-L1 expression are revealed. This research underscores the potential of using a more nuanced combination of biochemical markers and clinical data to enhance the precision of immunotherapy efficacy predictions, compared with single prognostic biomarkers such as PD-L1. Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the complex interplay among various risk factors that influence the effectiveness of ICI.","journal":"JAMIA Open","year":2025,"id":569968,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":0.0,"corpus_rank":10062,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7681,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":4.1667,"fair_percentile":4.891470498318557,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":820632,"name":"Shaked Lev‐Ari","orcid":"0000-0003-1791-0644","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1169168,"name":"Jacob P. Zaemes","orcid":"0009-0007-4390-5490","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1169170,"name":"Alexandra Della Pia","orcid":"0000-0003-0875-6489","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475031,"name":"Bianca DeAgresta","orcid":"0009-0009-4704-2076","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":951239,"name":"Samir Gupta","orcid":"0000-0003-2656-3912","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":324383,"name":"Alex Márki","orcid":"0000-0001-8786-3711","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475032,"name":"Rachel Zemel","orcid":"0000-0002-3942-7285","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":820629,"name":"Andrew Ip","orcid":"0000-0003-0456-5618","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755540,"name":"Adil Alaoui","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":885761,"name":"Charalampos Charalampous","orcid":"0000-0003-3688-5077","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475446,"name":"Iris Rahman","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475033,"name":"Olivia Wilkins","orcid":"0000-0002-5254-2130","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":225702,"name":"Subha Madhavan","orcid":"0000-0001-7617-3547","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":225703,"name":"Peter B. McGarvey","orcid":"0000-0002-8312-6017","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1169539,"name":"L.C. Fernando Pascual","orcid":null,"position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288144,"name":"Michael B. Atkins","orcid":"0000-0003-3901-9924","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":671903,"name":"Neil J. Shah","orcid":"0000-0001-5752-6212","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475030,"name":"Yili Zhang","orcid":"0009-0006-2307-1786","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":39,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:57:03.510013Z","pmid":"40636413","pmcid":"PMC12239864","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":22.2222,"fair_a":18.75,"fair_i":0.0,"fair_r":8.3333,"fair_zscore":-1.1986,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":4.17,"has_llm":true,"taxonomy_version":"fair_taxonomy_v5","dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":22.22,"criteria":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No persistent identifier string (DOI, Handle, accession, etc.) is given for the study's own dataset.","anchors":["RDA-F1-01D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a persistent identifier' (priorit","RDA-F1-02D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a globally unique identifier'","FsF-F1-02D — F-UJI/FAIRsFAIR: 'Data is assigned a persistent identifier'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_repository_named","label":"Named repository","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No repository is named as the holder; the data are held by the authors and available on request.","anchors":["RDA-F4-01M — FAIR Data Maturity Model: metadata is offered so it can be harvested and indexed (","NIH DMS Policy Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — name the repository where data will be archived","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Long-Term Sustainability', 'Reten"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","label":"Data-availability statement","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"The data underlying this article cannot be shared publicly to protect patient privacy. 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[majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.3-01M — 'Metadata complies with a community standard' (priority Essential)","RDA-R1.3-01D — 'Data complies with a community standard'","RDA-I2-01M — '(Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"i_qualified_references","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No identifier for an external resource (accession, DOI, RRID, etc.) is given in the text.","anchors":["RDA-I3-01M — '(meta)data include references to other (meta)data'","RDA-I3-03M — 'metadata includes qualified references to other metadata'","FsF-I3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes links between the data and its related entities'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":8.33,"criteria":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","label":"Reuse licence","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No reuse license or terms document is named for the data.","anchors":["RDA-R1.1-01M — 'Metadata includes information about the licence under which the data can be reu","RDA-R1.1-02M — 'Metadata refers to a standard reuse licence'","RDA-R1.1-03M — 'Metadata refers to a machine-understandable reuse licence'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","label":"Provenance of the data","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No specific instrument, kit, or software version is named for the production of the data. 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[majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":4.17,"priority":"useful","scored":true},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","dimension":"F","label":"Data-availability statement","action":"Replace the statement with the repository template: name the repository and give the accession or DOI (Colavizza category 3). This is the only DAS class associated with a measured citation advantage; 'available on reasonable request' and 'within the article' are not.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"The data underlying this article cannot be shared publicly to protect patient privacy. 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[majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","dimension":"I","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","action":"Adopt and NAME your domain's data standard — the minimum-information checklist, metadata schema, or ontology your community uses (MIAME/MINSEQE, ISA-Tab, BIDS, an OBO ontology, HL7 FHIR/OMOP) — and say which one you followed. A reporting checklist standardises your paper; it does nothing for your data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No data or metadata community standard from FAIRsharing or the EQUATOR Network is named. [majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","dimension":"R","label":"Provenance of the data","action":"Name the instruments, kits, and software — with versions — that produced the data, not just the verbs. 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A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication.","Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession.","Remove the precondition or justify it. Release the data at publication with no embargo, no registration wall, and no approval step — NIH's zero-embargo public- access rule (NOT-OD-25-101) has already made 'available at publication' the federal baseline for the article; the data should not lag behind it.","Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"epmc_xml"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"epmc_xml","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T13:50:49.427539Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}