{"doi":"10.1093/jamia/ocaa030","title":"The new International Classification of Diseases 11th edition: a comparative analysis with ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the newly adopted International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11) and compare it to the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision (ICD-10) and International Classification of Diseases 10th revision-Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: : Data files and maps were downloaded from the World Health Organization (WHO) website and through the application programming interfaces. A round trip method based on the WHO maps was used to identify equivalent codes between ICD-10 and ICD-11, which were validated by limited manual review. ICD-11 terms were mapped to ICD-10-CM through normalized lexical mapping. ICD-10-CM codes in 6 disease areas were also manually recoded in ICD-11. RESULTS: Excluding the chapters for traditional medicine, functioning assessment, and extension codes for postcoordination, ICD-11 has 14 622 leaf codes (codes that can be used in coding) compared to ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM, which has 10 607 and 71 932 leaf codes, respectively. We identified 4037 pairs of ICD-10 and ICD-11 codes that were equivalent (estimated accuracy of 96%) by our round trip method. Lexical matching between ICD-11 and ICD-10-CM identified 4059 pairs of possibly equivalent codes. Manual recoding showed that 60% of a sample of 388 ICD-10-CM codes could be fully represented in ICD-11 by precoordinated codes or postcoordination. CONCLUSION: In ICD-11, there is a moderate increase in the number of codes over ICD-10. With postcoordination, it is possible to fully represent the meaning of a high proportion of ICD-10-CM codes, especially with the addition of a limited number of extension codes.","journal":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","year":2020,"id":55548,"datarank":4.598656742641333,"base_score":4.532599493153256,"endowment":4.532599493153256,"self_citation_contribution":0.6798899239729885,"citation_network_contribution":3.9187668186683444,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6798899239729885,"citer_contribution":3.9187668186683444,"corpus_percentile":95.25798715866017,"corpus_rank":614,"citation_count":92,"citer_count":82,"citers_with_citation_signal":51,"citers_with_endowment":51,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9237,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":287814,"name":"Julia Xu","orcid":"0000-0003-4147-8388","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":7720,"name":"Olivier Bodenreider","orcid":"0000-0003-4769-4217","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":287813,"name":"Kin Wah Fung","orcid":"0000-0003-0593-5377","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":40,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:05:29.672878Z","pmid":"32364236","pmcid":"PMC7309235","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}