{"doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf015","title":"Albuminuria References Ranges in Healthy US Adults","abstract":"To the Editor: The historical basis for defining abnormal urine albumin excretion derives from the early diabetes literature. In 1982, Viberti et al. evaluated overnight urine albumin excretion rates (AERs) in 63 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. Those with an AER ≥30 µg/min were more likely to progress to clinical diabetic nephropathy than those with an AER <30 µg/min (1). The rationale for selecting this dichotomization was perceived participant clustering on a scatterplot of the AER and mortality within the study population (1). Despite scant evidence regarding reference ranges following this report, the 1999 National Kidney Foundation working group on chronic kidney disease (CKD) recommended using an albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥30 mg/g to define “microalbuminuria.” The International Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) dictates that reference intervals should be established among healthy adults using 95th percentiles as the upper limit of normal, with a minimum of 120 participants (2). Given that the existing literature does not satisfy these criteria and CKD is a major public health concern, we sought to quantify the upper limit of normal for albuminuria among US adults by the IFCC standard.","journal":"The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","year":2025,"id":551783,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9585,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":34473,"name":"Sushrut S. Waikar","orcid":"0000-0003-4004-326X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":518168,"name":"Ashish Verma","orcid":"0000-0001-9497-6327","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":281788,"name":"Sophie E. Claudel","orcid":"0000-0002-7695-4674","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":5,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:54:29.318076Z","pmid":"39981782","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}