{"doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxab113","title":"Integrin CD11b provides a new marker of pre-germinal center IgA+ B cells in murine Peyer’s patches","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Activated B cells can enter germinal centers (GCs) for affinity maturation to produce high-affinity antibodies. However, which activated B cells will enter GCs remains unknown. Here, we found a small population of CD11b+IgA+ B cells located outside of GCs in murine Peyer’s patches (PPs). After injection of the CD11b+IgA+ PP B cells into a PP of a recipient mouse, they entered GCs forty hours later. They expressed GC surface markers and pre-GC B cell genes, suggesting that CD11b provides a novel surface marker of pre-GC IgA+ B cells in murine PPs. Furthermore, independently of dendritic cell activation, CD11b expression on B cells can be induced by bacterial antigens, such as pam3CSK4 and heat-killed Escherichia coli in vitro. In addition, mice orally administered with pam3CSK4 or heat-killed E. coli increased the number of PP GC B cells within two days, and enhanced the mucosal antigen-specific IgA response. Our results demonstrate that the induction of CD11b on B cells is a promising marker for selecting an effective mucosal vaccine adjuvant.</jats:p>","journal":"International Immunology","year":2022,"id":598744,"datarank":0.26876392038420827,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"self_citation_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":826412,"name":"Takahiro Adachi","orcid":"0000-0002-3711-8577","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1534470,"name":"Shinsaku Okai","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1534471,"name":"Naoki Morita","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":727572,"name":"Daisuke Kitamura","orcid":"0000-0002-5195-0474","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1534472,"name":"Reiko Shinkura","orcid":"0000-0002-7976-9933","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230871,"name":"Peng Gao","orcid":"0000-0002-9991-6064","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Integrin CD11b provides a new marker of pre-germinal center IgA+ B cells in murine Peyer’s patches","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Activated B cells can enter germinal centers (GCs) for affinity maturation to produce high-affinity antibodies. However, which activated B cells will enter GCs remains unknown. Here, we found a small population of CD11b+IgA+ B cells located outside of GCs in murine Peyer’s patches (PPs). After injection of the CD11b+IgA+ PP B cells into a PP of a recipient mouse, they entered GCs forty hours later. They expressed GC surface markers and pre-GC B cell genes, suggesting that CD11b provides a novel surface marker of pre-GC IgA+ B cells in murine PPs. Furthermore, independently of dendritic cell activation, CD11b expression on B cells can be induced by bacterial antigens, such as pam3CSK4 and heat-killed Escherichia coli in vitro. In addition, mice orally administered with pam3CSK4 or heat-killed E. coli increased the number of PP GC B cells within two days, and enhanced the mucosal antigen-specific IgA response. Our results demonstrate that the induction of CD11b on B cells is a promising marker for selecting an effective mucosal vaccine adjuvant.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"34971392","pmcid":"PMC9020567","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4206591460","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.2199,"citation_percentile":0.47148124,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2024,"count":2},{"year":2025,"count":2}],"oa_status":"hybrid","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/intimm/article-pdf/34/5/249/43402961/dxab113.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/intimm/article-pdf/34/5/249/43402961/dxab113.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/intimm/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/intimm/dxab113/42501236/dxab113.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/intimm/article-pdf/34/5/249/44359145/dxab113.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxab113","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34971392","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9020567","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC9020567","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC9020567?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["Immune Response and Inflammation","Cell Adhesion Molecules Research","T-cell and B-cell Immunology","Animals","CD11b Antigen","Escherichia coli","Germinal Center","Immunoglobulin A","Integrins","Mice","Peyer's Patches"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Escherichia coli","Immunoglobulin A","Peyer's Patches","Integrins","Germinal Center","CD11b Antigen","Mice"],"keywords":["Germinal center","Peyer's patch","Integrin","Integrin alpha M","Immunology","Biology","Lymphatic system","Chemistry","Antibody","B cell","Immune system","Receptor","Genetics","Affinity maturation","CD11b","B Cell Stimulation","Pre-gc B Cell Marker"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-28T16:10:37.747508Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}