{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf638","title":"Accuracy of the Phenotypic 1G Test to Detect <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and Drug Resistance From Sputa in the US-Mexico Border","abstract":"BACKGROUND: With >10 million new tuberculosis (TB) cases per year, a limitation to TB control is the lack of simple and accurate tests for diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing (DST) in endemic regions. We evaluated the accuracy of the first-generation, low-complexity phenotypic TB test (1G test), designed for simultaneous Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) detection and resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, and moxifloxacin, suitable for resource-limited settings. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with sputa from 426 possible pulmonary TB cases from 2 small Mexican cities bordering Texas. The 1G test was compared against phenotypic TB detection tests in the region, specifically acid-fast bacilli smear microscopy and Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) culture, as well as MGIT-DST for resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, and moxifloxacin. RESULTS: The 1G test demonstrated ≥98% sensitivity for Mtb detection; 100% sensitivity and 91% (rifampicin), 94% (isoniazid), and 97% (moxifloxacin) specificity for DST; and less contamination than the MGIT (3.5% vs 8.1%, P < .05). The 1G test time to detection of Mtb and simultaneous DST was 17 days, while the MGIT-DST required 2 steps: 7 days for Mtb detection plus 14 more days for DST (21 days total). Our study site drug-resistant TB prevalence was 14% when testing all consecutively enrolled participants vs 6% by passive reporting. CONCLUSIONS: The 1G test is a low-complexity phenotypic TB diagnostic method that is a practical replacement to current culture-based tests. Future studies are warranted to evaluate implementation of the 1G test in decentralized clinics that lack molecular tools, resources, and expertise.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2025,"id":587045,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9612,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":712391,"name":"Doris Ayala","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1502591,"name":"Juan Ignacio Garcia","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1407137,"name":"Yoscelina Estrella Martínez-López","orcid":"0000-0002-9481-3381","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":945549,"name":"Amberlee Hicks","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1313225,"name":"Nadine M. Chacon","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1502592,"name":"Ashley Gay-Cobb","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":245275,"name":"Alyssa Schami","orcid":"0000-0002-5311-7216","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1502593,"name":"Selena Zavala-Perez","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1407588,"name":"Ilse A. Dominguez-Trejo","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":923333,"name":"America M. Cruz-Gonzalez","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":923332,"name":"Raúl Loera-Salazar","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1138669,"name":"Javier E. Rodríguez-Herrera","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":922898,"name":"Esperanza M. García-Oropesa","orcid":"0000-0002-4803-1143","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":465661,"name":"Miryoung Lee","orcid":"0000-0003-4088-304X","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":769300,"name":"Adrián Rendón","orcid":"0000-0001-8973-4024","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1502594,"name":"Shu-Hua Wang","orcid":null,"position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":61432,"name":"Marcel Yotebieng","orcid":"0000-0003-2110-2631","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231902,"name":"Carlton A. Evans","orcid":"0000-0002-6873-5447","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1420568,"name":"Jordi B Torrelles","orcid":null,"position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":297929,"name":"Blanca I. Restrepo","orcid":"0000-0002-3743-9098","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1502590,"name":"Mia Aguirre","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":25,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:59:36.020030Z","pmid":"41432525","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}