{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf437","title":"Population Structure of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated From the Human Bloodstream, Human and Animal Feces, and the Environment in Northern Tanzania","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) are a leading cause of human bloodstream infections (BSIs) in sub-Saharan Africa, yet few studies have characterized African strains implicated in BSI or explored their potential reservoirs. METHODS: We enrolled febrile patients at 2 hospitals in Moshi, Tanzania, 2007-2019, and performed blood cultures. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on E. coli originating from the bloodstream to characterize sequence types (STs), serotypes, and theoretical coverage of a 9-valent ExPEC polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (ExPEC9V). Separately, we evaluated 601 E. coli whole-genome sequences from humans, animals, and environmental sources in nearby communities. We assessed genetic relatedness between bloodstream and community isolates based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms and allele differences. FINDINGS: Of 3046 participants receiving blood culture, 48 (0.2%) had BSI yielding 48 E. coli isolates. The median (range) age of participants with E. coli BSI was 40.7 (0.3-89.0) years, and 32 (68.1%) were female. We identified 16 STs including ST131 (n = 16, 33.3%), ST73 (n = 10, 20.8%), and ST69 (n = 6, 12.5%) and 19 O groups including O25 (n = 13, 27.1%), O6 (n = 10, 20.3%), O17 (n = 4, 8.3%), and O18 (n = 4, 8.3%). Theoretical coverage for an ExPEC9V was 72.9%. None of the bloodstream and community E. coli pairs were closely related. CONCLUSIONS: We found a high diversity of STs among E. coli human bloodstream isolates in Tanzania. Despite this diversity, we observed that an EXPEC9V in development would provide good coverage. Reservoir-attribution studies at finer spatial and temporal scales may better identify transmission networks and reservoirs of ExPECs.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2025,"id":572809,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8543,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":345416,"name":"Matthew P. Rubach","orcid":"0000-0001-5262-1421","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1046270,"name":"Flemming Scheutz","orcid":"0000-0002-3931-4846","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":703479,"name":"Douglas R. Call","orcid":"0000-0001-6791-055X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1479370,"name":"Firdoos Ahmad Gogry","orcid":"0000-0003-3329-1249","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":520529,"name":"Manuela Carugati","orcid":"0000-0002-3187-5905","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":780557,"name":"Nathaniel H. Kalengo","orcid":"0000-0002-5608-5520","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":921877,"name":"Annette Marandu","orcid":"0000-0002-3501-9591","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":372158,"name":"Michael J. Maze","orcid":"0000-0001-8909-1508","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":521322,"name":"Anne B. Morrissey","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":495858,"name":"Bingileki F. Lwezaula","orcid":"0000-0003-2909-9705","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":341832,"name":"Blandina T. Mmbaga","orcid":"0000-0002-5550-1916","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":246929,"name":"Kajiru Kilonzo","orcid":"0000-0002-0367-5826","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":345414,"name":"Venance P. Maro","orcid":"0000-0003-3838-0312","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":22443,"name":"John A. Crump","orcid":"0000-0002-4529-102X","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":478837,"name":"Deng B. Madut","orcid":"0000-0003-4023-3928","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":38,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:57:27.876396Z","pmid":"40825555","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}