{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf003","title":"High-Dose Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Inconsistently Improves Heterologous Antibody Responses in an Older Human Cohort","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Older adults often mount a weak immune response to standard inactivated influenza vaccines. To induce a stronger response and better protection, a high-dose (HD) version of the inactivated Fluzone vaccine is recommended for individuals >65 years of age. While better immunogenicity and protection against the vaccine strain have been shown, it is not known if the HD vaccine also induces a robust antibody response to heterologous strains. METHODS: We fit bayesian multilevel regression models to hemagglutination inhibition antibody data from an influenza vaccine cohort spanning the influenza seasons of 2013-2014 to 2021-2022. We used this model to estimate the average causal effect of obtaining the HD vaccine relative to the standard-dose vaccine. RESULTS: We show that while there is generally a benefit derived from the HD vaccine, the impact is small and inconsistent. For some strains, the HD vaccine might even result in less robust heterologous responses. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that further increases in dose might be worth investigating to help induce a stronger broad response.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2025,"id":538423,"datarank":0.21058028438487827,"base_score":1.3862943611198906,"endowment":1.3862943611198906,"self_citation_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citation_network_contribution":0.0026361302168946463,"self_endowment_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citer_contribution":0.0026361302168946463,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":1,"citers_with_citation_signal":1,"citers_with_endowment":1,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9576,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1082884,"name":"Yang Ge","orcid":"0000-0001-5100-0703","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":961609,"name":"Jessica Knight","orcid":"0000-0001-5764-7495","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1288719,"name":"Hayley Hemme","orcid":"0009-0002-6609-1390","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1288718,"name":"Savannah M Hammerton","orcid":"0000-0003-2231-3510","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299100,"name":"Amanda L. Skarlupka","orcid":"0000-0002-3654-9076","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1425030,"name":"Wangnan Cao","orcid":"0000-0002-6163-2760","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":255335,"name":"Ye Shen","orcid":"0000-0002-6662-0048","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235589,"name":"Justin Bahl","orcid":"0000-0001-7572-4300","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":225737,"name":"Paul G. Thomas","orcid":"0000-0001-7955-0256","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":245069,"name":"Ted M. Ross","orcid":"0000-0003-1947-7469","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":334521,"name":"Andreas Handel","orcid":"0000-0002-4622-1146","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":384919,"name":"W. Zane Billings","orcid":"0000-0002-0184-6134","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":32,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:52:21.389196Z","pmid":"39776178","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}