{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae632","title":"Vector-Induced Humoral Responses After rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Immunization Identify Vaccinated Individuals and Correlate With Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Antibodies","abstract":"BACKGROUND: While vaccine antigen-induced antibodies are often used as proxies for vaccine efficacy, immune responses to vaccine vectors are less well-defined. We describe the kinetics of immunoglobulin (IgG) responses against the vector (vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus [VSIV]) nucleoprotein (N) and the inserted antigen (Ebola virus [EBOV]) glycoprotein (GP1,2) components of the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine and evaluate their use as biomarkers to confirm self-reported vaccination status. METHODS: We selected 212 participants randomized to rVSV-ZEBOV (n = 107) or placebo (n = 105). Levels of IgG antibodies to EBOV GP1,2 or VSIV N were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a newly developed single-molecule array (Simoa) immunoassay, respectively. RESULTS: Anti-EBOV GP1,2 and anti-VSIV N IgG were first detected 10-14 days postvaccination, further increased at 28 days, and remained stable through 360 days. Antibody titers were significantly correlated (P < 0.001) at 28 days (r = 0.47), 180 days (r = 0.45), and 360 days (r = 0.59). At 28 days, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) discriminated vaccinated from unvaccinated patients with high accuracy (AUC = 0.965 for anti-VSIV N IgG; AUC = 0.945 for anti-EBOV GP1,2 IgG [P < 0.001]). CONCLUSIONS: We report a reliable assay to measure vector-induced humoral responses after rVSV-ZEBOV vaccination and demonstrate the assay's utility to confirm vaccination status.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2024,"id":462586,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9674,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":290884,"name":"Irina Maljkovic Berry","orcid":"0000-0001-8555-5352","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1195384,"name":"Viviane Callier","orcid":"0000-0002-9754-560X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":353994,"name":"Scott M. Anthony","orcid":"0000-0002-1590-7401","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":621008,"name":"Krystle Hensley","orcid":"0000-0002-7689-5467","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109882,"name":"Jens H. Kuhn","orcid":"0000-0002-7800-6045","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242114,"name":"Kathryn Shaw‐Saliba","orcid":"0000-0002-4396-2432","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":96873,"name":"Stephen B. Kennedy","orcid":"0000-0002-0318-930X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":588602,"name":"Mark Kieh","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1292909,"name":"Sarah M Browne","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109931,"name":"Ian Crozier","orcid":"0000-0003-2485-4011","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104996,"name":"Richard T. Davey","orcid":"0000-0002-3992-5524","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":60624,"name":"H. Clifford Lane","orcid":"0000-0001-9509-1045","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226712,"name":"Lisa E. Hensley","orcid":"0000-0003-1188-4342","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":390353,"name":"Dean Follmann","orcid":"0000-0003-4073-0393","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":439839,"name":"Prabha Chandrasekaran","orcid":"0000-0003-1343-7255","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":33,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:04:24.680035Z","pmid":"39718991","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}