{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae623","title":"Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as Biomarkers of Cognitive Decline in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus","abstract":"BACKGROUND: We examined the relationship between neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cognition in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at baseline and longitudinally. METHODS: Plasma and clinical data were available from virally suppressed people with HIV (PWH) aged ≥45 years in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group HAILO study. Four neuropsychological assessments standardized and averaged (NPZ-4) represented cognition. Plasma collection date marked baseline; slope summarized longitudinal NPZ-4 changes. Linear regressions examined biomarkers associations with baseline NPZ-4 and longitudinal change. RESULTS: The study included 503 participants with a median age of 52 (interquartile range [IQR, 48-57]) years and observation of 6 (IQR, 5-7) years, and 26% had baseline cognitive impairment defined by HAILO. Cross-sectionally, higher NfL (β = -.76, P < .01) and GFAP (β = -.44, P = .02) were associated with worse NPZ-4. Longitudinally, the median NPZ-4 slope was 0.003 (IQR, -0.06 to 0.06) units/year with 48% demonstrating cognitive decline. Higher NfL (β = -.08, P < .01), but not GFAP (β = -.03, P = .08), was associated with cognitive decline. CONCLUSIONS: NfL and GFAP were associated with worse cognition cross-sectionally; only NfL was associated with cognitive decline. Their clinical utility remains uncertain given small effect sizes and should be studied in populations with more rapid decline.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2024,"id":429572,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":8,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8412,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":997459,"name":"Petra Bachanová","orcid":"0000-0002-9460-4109","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":306992,"name":"Robert A. Parker","orcid":"0000-0002-9666-5941","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1232715,"name":"Linzy V Rosen","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1228878,"name":"Rommi D. Kashlan","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":366456,"name":"Pia Kivisäkk","orcid":"0000-0001-9708-7509","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":479082,"name":"Albert M. Anderson","orcid":"0000-0002-7216-9791","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":361101,"name":"Felicia C. Chow","orcid":"0000-0001-9440-9349","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":248794,"name":"Kunling Wu","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":331545,"name":"Raha Dastgheyb","orcid":"0000-0002-4992-711X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":259565,"name":"Leah H. Rubin","orcid":"0000-0003-2749-6328","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247285,"name":"Katherine Tassiopoulos","orcid":"0000-0003-4773-2535","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":273590,"name":"Emily P. Hyle","orcid":"0000-0001-8721-106X","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":311025,"name":"Shibani S. Mukerji","orcid":"0000-0002-5677-6954","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":48,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:11.328802Z","pmid":"39723835","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}