{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae180","title":"Assessment for Antibodies to Rifapentine and Isoniazid in Persons Developing Flu-Like Reactions During Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Flu-like reactions can occur after exposure to rifampin, rifapentine, or isoniazid. Prior studies have reported the presence of antibodies to rifampin, but associations with underlying pathogenesis are unclear. METHODS: We evaluated PREVENT TB study participants who received weekly isoniazid plus rifapentine for 3 months (3HP) or daily isoniazid for 9 months (9H) as treatment for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Flu-like reaction was defined as a grade ≥2 of any of flu-like symptoms. Controls (3HP or 9H) did not report flu-like reactions. We developed a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to detect antibodies against rifapentine, isoniazid, rifampin, and rifapentine metabolite. RESULTS: Among 128 participants, 69 received 3HP (22 with flu-like reactions; 47 controls) and 59 received 9H (12 with flu-like reactions; 47 controls). In participants receiving 3HP, anti-rifapentine IgG was identified in 2 of 22 (9%) participants with flu-like reactions and 6 of 47 (13%) controls (P = .7), anti-isoniazid IgG in 2 of 22 (9%) participants with flu-like reactions and 4 of 47 (9%) controls (P = .9). Among participants receiving 9H, IgG and IgM anti-isoniazid antibodies were each present in 4 of 47 (9%) controls, but none among participants with flu-like reactions; anti-rifapentine IgG antibodies were not present in any participants with flu-like reactions or controls. CONCLUSIONS: We detected anti-rifapentine, anti-isoniazid, and anti-rifapentine metabolite antibodies, but the proportions of participants with antibodies were low, and did not differ between participants with flu-like reactions and those without such reactions. This suggests that flu-like reactions associated with 3HP and 9H were not antibody mediated. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT00023452.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2024,"id":479958,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":1,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9593,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT00023452"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":928622,"name":"Carolina Mehaffy","orcid":"0000-0002-7634-5131","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":403060,"name":"Prithwiraj De","orcid":"0000-0003-4499-2147","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":850089,"name":"Elizabeth Phillips","orcid":"0000-0002-3412-5480","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1036839,"name":"Andrey Borisov","orcid":"0000-0001-9124-8877","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240257,"name":"Timothy R. Sterling","orcid":"0000-0002-4822-6979","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":634221,"name":"Karen M. Dobos","orcid":"0000-0001-7115-8524","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":509809,"name":"Ruth N. Moro","orcid":"0000-0002-8283-1304","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":38,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:06:58.305365Z","pmid":"38640958","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}