{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae143","title":"Plasma Ribonuclease Activity in Antiretroviral Treatment–Naive People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Tuberculosis Disease","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The role of ribonucleases in tuberculosis among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) is unknown. We explored ribonuclease activity in plasma from PWH with and without tuberculosis. METHODS: Participants were identified from a cohort of treatment-naive PWH in Ethiopia who had been classified for tuberculosis disease (HIV positive [HIV+]/tuberculosis positive [tuberculosis+] or HIV+/tuberculosis negative [tuberculosis-]). Ribonuclease activity in plasma was investigated by quantification of synthetic spike-in RNAs using sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction and by a specific ribonuclease activity assay. Quantification of ribonuclease 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, and T2 proteins was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ribonuclease activity and protein concentrations were correlated with markers of tuberculosis and HIV disease severity and with concentrations of inflammatory mediators. RESULTS: Ribonuclease activity was significantly higher in plasma of HIV+/tuberculosis+ (n = 51) compared with HIV+/tuberculosis- (n = 78), causing reduced stability of synthetic spike-in RNAs. Concentrations of ribonucleases 2, 3, and T2 were also significantly increased in HIV+/tuberculosis+ compared with HIV+/tuberculosis-. Ribonuclease activity was correlated with HIV viral load, and inversely correlated with CD4 cell count, mid-upper arm circumference, and body mass index. Moreover, ribonuclease activity was correlated with concentrations of interleukin 27, procalcitonin and the kynurenine-tryptophan ratio. CONCLUSIONS: PWH with tuberculosis disease have elevated plasma ribonuclease activity, which is also associated with HIV disease severity and systemic inflammation.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2024,"id":479765,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9017,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1318803,"name":"Rolf Søkilde","orcid":"0000-0003-3010-3599","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1318804,"name":"Fregenet Tesfaye","orcid":"0000-0001-6331-8137","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":707955,"name":"Sara Karlson","orcid":"0000-0002-6676-8827","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1318805,"name":"Sten Skogmar","orcid":"0000-0001-9342-7115","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":978341,"name":"Marianne Jansson","orcid":"0000-0001-6536-8146","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":707957,"name":"Per Björkman","orcid":"0000-0002-3697-9375","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1318802,"name":"O Olsson","orcid":"0000-0002-5106-9222","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":34,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:06:54.284166Z","pmid":"38526179","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}