{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae142","title":"Outpatient Visits and Antibiotic Use Due to Higher-Valency Pneumococcal Vaccine Serotypes","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In 2022-2023, 15- and 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV15/PCV20) were recommended for infants. We aimed to estimate the incidence of outpatient visits and antibiotic prescriptions in US children (≤17 years) from 2016-2019 for acute otitis media, pneumonia, and sinusitis associated with PCV15- and PCV20-additional (non-PCV13) serotypes to quantify PCV15/20 potential impacts. METHODS: We estimated the incidence of PCV15/20-additional serotype-attributable visits and antibiotic prescriptions as the product of all-cause incidence rates, derived from national health care surveys and MarketScan databases, and PCV15/20-additional serotype-attributable fractions. We estimated serotype-specific attributable fractions using modified vaccine-probe approaches incorporating incidence changes post-PCV13 and ratios of PCV13 versus PCV15/20 serotype frequencies, estimated through meta-analyses. RESULTS: Per 1000 children annually, PCV15-additional serotypes accounted for an estimated 2.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.8-3.9) visits and 2.4 (95% CI, 1.6-3.4) antibiotic prescriptions. PCV20-additional serotypes resulted in 15.0 (95% CI, 11.2-20.4) visits and 13.2 (95% CI, 9.9-18.0) antibiotic prescriptions annually per 1000 children. PCV15/20-additional serotypes account for 0.4% (95% CI, 0.2%-0.6%) and 2.1% (95% CI, 1.5%-3.0%) of pediatric outpatient antibiotic use. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with PCV15-additional serotypes, PCV20-additional serotypes account for > 5 times the burden of visits and antibiotic prescriptions. Higher-valency PCVs, especially PCV20, may contribute to preventing pediatric pneumococcal respiratory infections and antibiotic use.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2024,"id":453460,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":8,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9019,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":551952,"name":"Kristin L. Andrejko","orcid":"0000-0002-0808-0231","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":651868,"name":"Sarah Kabbani","orcid":"0000-0002-1738-6443","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":660407,"name":"Sara Y. Tartof","orcid":"0000-0003-2336-8476","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264786,"name":"Lauri A. Hicks","orcid":"0000-0002-2383-9357","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":497124,"name":"Adam L. Cohen","orcid":"0000-0003-0591-1009","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468309,"name":"Miwako Kobayashi","orcid":"0000-0002-9190-5619","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":317227,"name":"Joseph A. Lewnard","orcid":"0000-0002-8505-8839","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":82830,"name":"Laura King","orcid":"0000-0002-7785-4712","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":39,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:02:58.784290Z","pmid":"38498565","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}