{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiad416","title":"Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Peripartum Period on <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Infection Detection","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Pregnancy and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may influence tuberculosis infection detection using interferon (IFN)-γ release assay (QFT-Plus; Qiagen) and tuberculin skin test (TST). METHODS: Participants in Western Kenya underwent QFT-Plus and TST in pregnancy, 6 weeks postpartum (6wkPP) and 12 months postpartum (12moPP). RESULTS: 400 participants (200 with HIV [WHIV], 200 HIV-negative) enrolled during pregnancy (median 28 weeks' gestation [interquartile range, 24-30]). QFT-Plus positivity prevalence was higher than TST in pregnancy (32.5% vs 11.6%) and through 12moPP (6wkPP, 30.9% for QFT-Plus vs 18.0% for TST; 12moPP, 29.5% vs 17.1%; all P < .001), driven primarily by QFT-Plus-positive/TST-negative discordance among HIV-negative women. Tuberculosis infection test conversion incidence was 28.4/100 person-years (PY) and higher in WHIV than HIV-negative women (35.5 vs 20.9/100 PY; hazard ratio, 1.73 [95% confidence interval, 1.04-2.88]), mostly owing to early postpartum TST conversion among WHIV. Among QFT-Plus-positive participants in pregnancy, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific IFN-γ responses were dynamic through 12moPP and lower among WHIV than HIV-negative women with tuberculosis infection at all time points. CONCLUSIONS: QFT-Plus had higher diagnostic yield than TST in peripartum women. Peripartum QFT-Plus positivity was stable and less influenced by HIV than TST. Mtb-specific IFN-γ responses were dynamic and lower among WHIV. Tuberculosis infection test conversion incidence was high between pregnancy and early postpartum, potentially owing to postpartum immune recovery.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2023,"id":373516,"datarank":0.26876392038420827,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"self_citation_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9152,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":445176,"name":"Jerphason Mecha","orcid":"0009-0008-6446-0395","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":407491,"name":"Barbra A. Richardson","orcid":"0000-0001-9564-1828","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":376368,"name":"Elizabeth Maleche‐Obimbo","orcid":"0000-0001-7871-3367","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":445175,"name":"Daniel Matemo","orcid":"0000-0002-7209-1648","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299054,"name":"John Kinuthia","orcid":"0000-0001-6571-8927","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299048,"name":"Grace John‐Stewart","orcid":"0000-0002-4301-1573","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":323079,"name":"Sylvia M. LaCourse","orcid":"0000-0002-9809-5997","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":445177,"name":"Jaclyn N Escudero","orcid":"0000-0002-3513-774X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":25,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:16:07.080027Z","pmid":"37768184","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}