{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiad225","title":"Natural History of Nonhuman Primates After Oral Exposure to Ebola Virus Variant Makona","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The primary route of infection by Ebola virus (EBOV) is through contact of mucosal surfaces. Few studies have explored infection of nonhuman primates (NHPs) via the oral mucosa, which is a probable portal of natural infection in humans. METHODS: To further characterize the pathogenesis of EBOV infection via the oral exposure route, we challenged cohorts of cynomolgus monkeys with low doses of EBOV variant Makona. RESULTS: Infection with 100 or 50 PFU of EBOV Makona via the oral route resulted in 50% and 83% lethality, respectively. Animals that progressed to fatal disease exhibited lymphopenia, marked coagulopathy, high viral loads, and increased levels of serum markers of inflammation and hepatic/renal injury. Survival in these cohorts was associated with milder fluctuations in leukocyte populations, lack of coagulopathy, and reduced or absent serum markers of inflammation and/or hepatic/renal function. Surprisingly, 2 surviving animals from the 100- and 50-PFU cohorts developed transient low-level viremia in the absence of other clinical signs of disease. Conversely, all animals in the 10 PFU cohort remained disease free and survived to the study end point. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations highlight the susceptibility of NHPs, and by extension, likely humans, to relatively low doses of EBOV via the oral route.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2023,"id":364117,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9581,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":242845,"name":"Krystle N. Agans","orcid":"0000-0002-7319-6935","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":244154,"name":"Joan B. Geisbert","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":124945,"name":"Viktoriya Borisevich","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242846,"name":"Daniel J. Deer","orcid":"0009-0005-4744-8560","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242847,"name":"Natalie S. Dobias","orcid":"0009-0000-7352-5885","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":437906,"name":"Jason E. Comer","orcid":"0000-0001-7471-9905","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242843,"name":"Courtney Woolsey","orcid":"0000-0003-3389-0137","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242851,"name":"Karla A. Fenton","orcid":"0000-0002-5530-6969","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242852,"name":"Thomas W. Geisbert","orcid":"0000-0003-0858-1877","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242853,"name":"Robert W. Cross","orcid":"0000-0001-7718-1522","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242844,"name":"Abhishek N. Prasad","orcid":"0000-0002-4147-2077","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":70,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:14:36.728255Z","pmid":"37348509","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}