{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiad172","title":"Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention Drug Levels and Drug Resistance Markers in Children With or Without Malaria in Burkina Faso: A Case-Control Study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Despite scale-up of seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine (SP-AQ) in children 3-59 months of age in Burkina Faso, malaria incidence remains high, raising concerns regarding SMC effectiveness and selection of drug resistance. Using a case-control design, we determined associations between SMC drug levels, drug resistance markers, and presentation with malaria. METHODS: We enrolled 310 children presenting at health facilities in Bobo-Dioulasso. Cases were SMC-eligible children 6-59 months of age diagnosed with malaria. Two controls were enrolled per case: SMC-eligible children without malaria; and older (5-10 years old), SMC-ineligible children with malaria. We measured SP-AQ drug levels among SMC-eligible children and SP-AQ resistance markers among parasitemic children. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (ORs) comparing drug levels between cases and controls. RESULTS: Compared to SMC-eligible controls, children with malaria were less likely to have any detectable SP or AQ (OR, 0.33 [95% confidence interval, .16-.67]; P = .002) and have lower drug levels (P < .05). Prevalences of mutations mediating high-level SP resistance were rare (0%-1%) and similar between cases and SMC-ineligible controls (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Incident malaria among SMC-eligible children was likely due to suboptimal levels of SP-AQ, resulting from missed cycles rather than increased antimalarial resistance to SP-AQ.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2023,"id":339744,"datarank":0.42498200160843247,"base_score":2.833213344056216,"endowment":2.833213344056216,"self_citation_contribution":0.42498200160843247,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.42498200160843247,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":16,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9577,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1073707,"name":"Issaka Zongo","orcid":"0000-0002-9045-4713","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1074177,"name":"Alassane Haro","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":407221,"name":"Liusheng Huang","orcid":"0000-0003-2702-4486","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":435356,"name":"Anyirékun Fabrice Somé","orcid":"0000-0002-1530-1493","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":401924,"name":"Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga","orcid":"0000-0001-8345-0880","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242447,"name":"Melissa D. Conrad","orcid":"0000-0002-9984-8030","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":426409,"name":"Erika Wallender","orcid":"0000-0003-1166-1587","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":244078,"name":"Jennifer Legac","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":407222,"name":"Francesca Aweeka","orcid":"0000-0002-6005-6124","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":435362,"name":"Jean‐Bosco Ouédraogo","orcid":"0000-0003-0412-8733","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242457,"name":"Philip J. Rosenthal","orcid":"0000-0002-7953-7622","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":729900,"name":"Michelle E. Roh","orcid":"0000-0002-6268-0801","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":31,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:10:49.535464Z","pmid":"37221018","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}