{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiab451","title":"Messenger RNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 Among Symptomatic Outpatients Aged ≥16 Years in the United States, February–May 2021","abstract":"Evaluations of vaccine effectiveness (VE) are important to monitor as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are introduced in the general population. Research staff enrolled symptomatic participants seeking outpatient medical care for COVID-19-like illness or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing from a multisite network. VE was evaluated using the test-negative design. Among 236 SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification test-positive and 576 test-negative participants aged ≥16 years, the VE of messenger RNA vaccines against COVID-19 was 91% (95% confidence interval, 83%-95%) for full vaccination and 75% (55%-87%) for partial vaccination. Vaccination was associated with prevention of most COVID-19 cases among people seeking outpatient medical care.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2021,"id":207743,"datarank":0.24141568686511508,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"self_citation_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.875,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":249372,"name":"Jessie R. Chung","orcid":"0000-0001-5205-966X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105912,"name":"Edward A. Belongia","orcid":"0000-0001-7478-0415","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105910,"name":"Huong Q. McLean","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":268705,"name":"Jennifer P. King","orcid":"0000-0003-4627-1378","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264490,"name":"Mary Patricia Nowalk","orcid":"0000-0002-1702-2690","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264489,"name":"Richard K. Zimmerman","orcid":"0000-0001-5941-6092","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":268706,"name":"G.K. Balasubramani","orcid":"0000-0001-7221-1825","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226888,"name":"Emily T. Martin","orcid":"0000-0002-5771-8895","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231053,"name":"Arnold S. Monto","orcid":"0000-0003-3018-435X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":335130,"name":"Lois Lamerato","orcid":"0000-0001-9955-6444","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264491,"name":"Manjusha Gaglani","orcid":"0000-0002-3952-9230","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":268712,"name":"Michael Smith","orcid":"0000-0002-0897-6409","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":793353,"name":"Kayan Dunnigan","orcid":"0000-0002-1953-3291","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233085,"name":"Michael L. Jackson","orcid":"0000-0002-2340-0256","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218071,"name":"Lisa A. Jackson","orcid":"0000-0002-1785-0218","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105978,"name":"Mark W. Tenforde","orcid":"0000-0002-8702-8393","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":616173,"name":"Jennifer R. Verani","orcid":"0000-0001-5267-1883","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468309,"name":"Miwako Kobayashi","orcid":"0000-0002-9190-5619","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227082,"name":"Stephanie J. Schrag","orcid":"0000-0002-8113-2544","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264494,"name":"Manish Patel","orcid":"0000-0002-9407-8647","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242317,"name":"Brendan Flannery","orcid":"0000-0001-5041-308X","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105979,"name":"Sara Kim","orcid":"0000-0002-1056-9896","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":14,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:51:49.715594Z","pmid":"34498052","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}