{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiab390","title":"Effectiveness of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Against Penile HPV Infection in Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In the United States, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been recommended since 2011 for boys aged 11-12 years, with catch-up vaccination recommended through age 26 years for previously unvaccinated men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS: During 2016-2018, a cross-sectional study enrolled MSM and transgender women aged 18-26 years in Seattle, Washington. Participants submitted self-collected penile swab specimens for HPV genotyping. HPV vaccination history was self-reported. We compared HPV prevalence among vaccinated participants with that in participants with no or unknown vaccination history, using log-binomial regression to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and confidence intervals. RESULTS: Among 687 participants, 348 (50.7%) self-reported ever receiving ≥1 HPV vaccine dose; the median age at first HPV vaccination was 21 years, and the median age at first sex, 17 years. Overall, the prevalence of penile quadrivalent HPV vaccine (4vHPV)-type HPV was similar in vaccinated participants (12.1%) and participants with no or unknown vaccination (15.6%) (adjusted prevalence ratio, 0.69 [95% confidence interval, .47-1.01]). However, the prevalence was significantly lower in participants vaccinated at age ≤18 years than in those with no of unknown vaccination (0.15 [.04-.62]), corresponding to a vaccine effectiveness of 85% against 4vHPV-type HPV. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that HPV vaccination is effective in preventing penile HPV infections in young MSM when administered at age ≤18 years.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2021,"id":170186,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":28,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.85,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":355572,"name":"John Lin","orcid":"0000-0002-5602-7881","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":355570,"name":"Troy D. Querec","orcid":"0000-0002-3787-6271","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":355575,"name":"Elizabeth R. Unger","orcid":"0000-0002-2925-5635","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":379118,"name":"Joshua Stern","orcid":"0000-0002-5424-9421","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":310344,"name":"Jessica Rudd","orcid":"0000-0003-3928-5106","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":311289,"name":"Matthew R. Golden","orcid":"0000-0001-7449-3774","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":355573,"name":"Fred Swanson","orcid":"0000-0002-3333-4598","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":355576,"name":"Lauri E. Markowitz","orcid":"0000-0002-2480-9520","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":355566,"name":"Elissa Meites","orcid":"0000-0002-0077-2591","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":355567,"name":"Rachel L. Winer","orcid":"0000-0002-8119-5107","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":28,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:46:19.728805Z","pmid":"34320185","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}