{"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiab314","title":"COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Generates Greater Immunoglobulin G Levels in Women Compared to Men","abstract":"We investigated whether the antibody response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination is similar in women and men. In a community cohort without prior COVID-19, first vaccine dose produced higher immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and percent inhibition of spike-ACE2 receptor binding, a surrogate measure of virus neutralization, in women compared to men (7.0 µg/mL, 51.6% vs 3.3 µg/mL, 36.4%). After 2 doses, IgG levels remained significantly higher for women (30.4 µg/mL) compared to men (20.6 µg/mL), while percent inhibition was similar (98.4% vs 97.7%). Sex-specific antibody response to mRNA vaccination informs future efforts to understand vaccine protection and side effects.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":2021,"id":158829,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":44,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9516,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":634206,"name":"Amelia Sancilio","orcid":"0000-0002-4823-3829","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":668840,"name":"Matt E. Velez","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415069,"name":"Daniel T. Ryan","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":463598,"name":"Lorenzo L. Pesce","orcid":"0000-0002-8015-4653","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":381625,"name":"Rana Saber","orcid":"0000-0002-2131-643X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":554010,"name":"Lauren A. Vaught","orcid":"0000-0001-8634-9139","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":554011,"name":"Nina L. Reiser","orcid":"0000-0002-4331-163X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":229682,"name":"Ryan R. Hsieh","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":329248,"name":"Richard T. D’Aquila","orcid":"0000-0002-9653-5987","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":339826,"name":"Brian Mustanski","orcid":"0000-0001-9222-5116","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":496974,"name":"Thomas W. McDade","orcid":"0000-0001-5829-648X","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":297686,"name":"Elizabeth M. McNally","orcid":"0000-0002-1221-719X","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":554009,"name":"Alexis R. Demonbreun","orcid":"0000-0001-6823-125X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":17,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:44:30.791367Z","pmid":"34117873","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}