{"doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riaf125","title":"Eye-tracking in pharmacy research: three case studies exploring methodology opportunities and considerations","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this methods article is to highlight applications of eye-tracking in pharmacy research. This article synthesizes methodological insights and lessons learned from applying eye-tracking across three distinct pharmacy research contexts. The article discusses key considerations for researchers when planning to apply this novel methodology. METHODS: Case one used eye-tracking to examine how older adults interacted with Senior Safe, a community pharmacy redesign promoting safer over-the-counter medication selection, in a naturalistic environment. Case two used eye-tracking for near-live usability testing, leveraging schematic mapping to examine how healthcare professionals used a novel electronic health record (EHR) functionality during a simulated appointment. Case three used eye-tracking to examine which components of a direct-to-consumer television advertisement were most relevant to older adults and employed dynamic areas of interest. KEY FINDINGS: Eye-tracking is a feasible methodological opportunity to further pharmacy research by delving into subconscious cognitive processes that dictate how medical professionals and patients make medication-related decisions. Through understanding how medication-related decisions are occurring, whether through an EHR or in the pharmacy, researchers can identify areas of a cognitive workflow to intervene and reduce the occurrence of adverse medication events. CONCLUSIONS: Eye-tracking provides a systematic approach for assessing how individuals interact with their environment when engaging in pharmacy-related cognitive processes. Eye-tracking can be successfully applied to pharmacy research to provide insight into healthcare professionals' and patients' cognitive thinking and decision-making.","journal":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","year":2025,"id":587750,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.959,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1089675,"name":"Taylor L. Watterson","orcid":"0000-0002-2504-4363","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":753647,"name":"Aaron M. Gilson","orcid":"0000-0002-3627-9627","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":771555,"name":"Jamie A. Stone","orcid":"0000-0002-2683-6354","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":386055,"name":"Peter Kleinschmidt","orcid":"0000-0003-1672-6845","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":716414,"name":"Michelle A. Chui","orcid":"0000-0002-0894-0959","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1119910,"name":"Emily L Hoffins","orcid":"0009-0003-2051-9512","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":22,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:59:39.958043Z","pmid":"41553882","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}